1. UNIT 9 Seminar

2. Review Strategies Plans to direct a large group of firefighters. Has to be flexible as strategies are fluid and change. Locate Fire Life Safety Confine Extinguish- Offensive or Defensive Overhaul Secure Area Strategies Plans to direct a large group of firefighters. Has to be flexible as strategies are fluid and change. Locate Fire Life Safety Confine Extinguish- Offensive or Defensive Overhaul Secure Area

3. Tactics Direct a small group of firefighters. Tactics are fixed and unyielding. Keep thoughts “Inside the Box”. Tactics are Tasks or Procedures Taking windows Leading out an attack line Raising a ladder Forcing a door Opening a roof Throwing covers Tactics are what we train on so we know how to do it properly and safely! Tactics Direct a small group of firefighters. Tactics are fixed and unyielding. Keep thoughts “Inside the Box”. Tactics are Tasks or Procedures Taking windows Leading out an attack line Raising a ladder Forcing a door Opening a roof Throwing covers Tactics are what we train on so we know how to do it properly and safely!

4. Firefighter Life Safety Initiatives How Can We Make it Better? Make Everyday a Training Day…So that Everyone Goes Home Additions Made By: Matthew Thorpe c. 2006 NFFF

5. In April of 2004, fire service leaders from across the United States gathered in Tampa, Florida. At this summit meeting these leaders began to design a new fire service culture. This new culture is built on the 16 Firefighter Life Safety Initiatives so that Everyone Goes Home. In April of 2004, fire service leaders from across the United States gathered in Tampa, Florida. At this summit meeting these leaders began to design a new fire service culture. This new culture is built on the 16 Firefighter Life Safety Initiatives so that Everyone Goes Home.

6. Life Safety Initiatives Program Goal We accept 100 deaths every year as normal Since 1984, 3175 firefighters have died in the Line of Duty—many thousands more have been injured. 2004 2009 Five Years 25% Reduction Ten Years 50% Reduction 2014

7. The Initiatives Address Six Focus Areas Training Prevention Structural Firefighting Wildland Operation Health, Wellness & Fitness Vehicles

8. The initiatives Address Six Root Causes of LODDs Ineffective Leadership Extraordinary & unpredictable circumstances Lack of Personal Responsibility (inappropriate behavior) Ineffective Decision Making Ineffective Policies & Procedures Lack of Preparedness

10. Initiative # 1 Define and advocate the need for a cultural change within the fire service relating to safety; incorporating leadership, management, supervision, accountability and personal responsibility.

11. Cultural change has to begin with informal leaders, managers, supervisors. From top to bottom: the culture of the fire service must change. You can change your behavior TODAY. What Initiative #1 Means Be part of the “NEW” Fire Service Safety Culture Examine your attitudes & behaviors regarding safety Realize that change is not a threat to the organization Embrace Health & Wellness programs & practice them Lead by your own example & make the difference—be an agent of change Be part of the “NEW” Fire Service Safety Culture Examine your attitudes & behaviors regarding safety Realize that change is not a threat to the organization Embrace Health & Wellness programs & practice them Lead by your own example & make the difference—be an agent of change

12. Initiative # 2 Enhance the personal and organizational accountability for health and safety throughout the fire service.

13. Each fire service organization must promote safe practices; each individual must have the tools to be safe and adhere to safe practices at ALL TIMES. What Initiative #2 Means Follow SOPs at all times Train / Learn / Teach everyday Utilize the Incident Command System Adhere to Vehicle Inspection Schedules Schedule and stick to equipment checks “Strap in and Stay In” Don’t take the environment for granted Follow SOPs at all times Train / Learn / Teach everyday Utilize the Incident Command System Adhere to Vehicle Inspection Schedules Schedule and stick to equipment checks “Strap in and Stay In” Don’t take the environment for granted

14. Initiative # 3 Focus greater attention on the integration of risk management with incident management at all levels, including strategic, tactical, and planning responsibilities.

15. Learn the concept of “Risk Management”; Ensure everyone understands the difference between an acceptable risk and an unacceptable risk. Develop and implement a system to pre-identify unacceptable risks. Learn the concept of “Risk Management”; Ensure everyone understands the difference between an acceptable risk and an unacceptable risk. Develop and implement a system to pre-identify unacceptable risks. What Initiative #3 Means Risk a lot to save a lot; risk a little to save a little Review every call Develop Command Teams Follow SOPs…Follow SOPs Know the function and status of every firefighter on the incident scene…Everyone must be accounted for at all times Risk a lot to save a lot; risk a little to save a little Review every call Develop Command Teams Follow SOPs…Follow SOPs Know the function and status of every firefighter on the incident scene…Everyone must be accounted for at all times

16. Initiative # 4 All firefighters must be empowered to stop unsafe practices.

17. Firefighters must be allowed to identify and report unsafe practices. They must be able to stop activities that present imminent harm to themselves or others, without fear of penalty or reprisal. What Initiative #4 Means Be aware of safe practices and look for unsafe ones Take the initiative to develop and implement procedures to enable and empower firefighters to stop unsafe conditions in training, on the fire ground and during routine operations Never question the integrity of those who speak out for safe fire ground operations Be aware of safe practices and look for unsafe ones Take the initiative to develop and implement procedures to enable and empower firefighters to stop unsafe conditions in training, on the fire ground and during routine operations Never question the integrity of those who speak out for safe fire ground operations

18. Initiative # 5 Develop and implement national standards for training, qualifications, and certification (including regular re-certification) that are equally applicable to all firefighters based on the duties they are expected to perform. Develop and implement national standards for training, qualifications, and certification (including regular re-certification) that are equally applicable to all firefighters based on the duties they are expected to perform.

19. Fire service departments are recognizing national certification standards as a way to measure the competency of their members. National standards encourage departments to operate at higher levels of effectiveness. What Initiative #5 Means Seek state and national certifications at all levels of your fire department employment Support efforts toward mandatory re-certification or refresher training; refreshing teaches new methods and improves skills which are used infrequently Seek state and national certifications at all levels of your fire department employment Support efforts toward mandatory re-certification or refresher training; refreshing teaches new methods and improves skills which are used infrequently

20. Initiative # 6 Develop and implement national medical and physical fitness standards that are equally applicable to all firefighters, based on the duties they are expected to perform.

21. In this profession, health and wellness are non-negotiable. Departments should establish and enforce SOPs which support wellness. Individuals must embrace wellness as a strategy for successful fire service careers or seek employment elsewhere. What Initiative #6 Means Adopt a heart-healthy lifestyle, including making healthful food choices and regular exercise Don’t smoke / Don’t do drugs Follow all health and wellness SOPs Be a Good Example Understand the impact your death would have on your family, co-workers and community Adopt a heart-healthy lifestyle, including making healthful food choices and regular exercise Don’t smoke / Don’t do drugs Follow all health and wellness SOPs Be a Good Example Understand the impact your death would have on your family, co-workers and community

22. Initiative # 7 Create a national research agenda and data collection system that relates to the initiatives.

23. We won’t know if we are living the initiatives if we do not collect data. Data analysis is the key to making any course corrections regarding the Life Safety Initiatives. It will also provide important corollary data. What Initiative #7 Means Encourage your department to participate in national data recovery systems such as NFIRS Support data gathering at the local level Be vocal with local politicians about where your tax money is spent—urge them to support our national agenda for firefighter safety Encourage your department to participate in national data recovery systems such as NFIRS Support data gathering at the local level Be vocal with local politicians about where your tax money is spent—urge them to support our national agenda for firefighter safety

24. Utilize available technology wherever it can help produce higher levels of health and safety Initiative # 8

25. It is irresponsible not to use technology when it can improve safety outcomes. Technological solutions should be a leverage and a tool for improving fire ground safety. What Initiative #8 Means Attend conferences to keep abreast of new technologies and take this knowledge back to your department Encourage your department to employ Command and Rescue vehicles on scene which are equipped with technological advance systems that can be integrated into the command system Become the technology geek of your department Attend conferences to keep abreast of new technologies and take this knowledge back to your department Encourage your department to employ Command and Rescue vehicles on scene which are equipped with technological advance systems that can be integrated into the command system Become the technology geek of your department

26. Thoroughly investigate all firefighter fatalities, injuries, and near misses. Initiative # 9

27. Even if your organization is uncomfortable with sharing information about a fatality, injury, or near-miss incident, it is a moral obligation to do so. Knowing what happened can prevent it from happening again. What Initiative #9 Means Implement investigations without delay—learning can begin immediately Be familiar with NIOSH, FEMA, USFA, CDC, NFPA reports. They can be studied to increase safety Encourage the collection of “near-miss” data. Near- miss incidents provide excellent learning / training tools Look for the “Fatal Chain of Errors” Implement investigations without delay—learning can begin immediately Be familiar with NIOSH, FEMA, USFA, CDC, NFPA reports. They can be studied to increase safety Encourage the collection of “near-miss” data. Near- miss incidents provide excellent learning / training tools Look for the “Fatal Chain of Errors”

28. Initiative # 10 Grant programs should support the implementation of safe practices and / or mandate safe practices as an eligibility requirement.

29. There is grant money available for you to begin implementing the initiatives. Grants should however, be tied to increasing safety measures. No safe practices / no grant. What Initiative #10 Means If you ask for a grant to improve health and wellness for example, recommendations should be made and implemented as a condition of future grants. Take time to learn how to write grants professionally— beginning with the identification of granting sources. If you ask for a grant to improve health and wellness for example, recommendations should be made and implemented as a condition of future grants. Take time to learn how to write grants professionally— beginning with the identification of granting sources.

30. National standards for emergency response policies and procedures should be developed and championed. Initiative # 11

31. National Standards for emergency response policies and procedures should be developed. At the local level, departments may have to increase response times to “arrive alive.” What Initiative #11 Means Help to adopt safe driving rules and enforce them. Secure loose objects in cabs and on vehicles. Respond to emergencies using emergency response SOPs; no red lights and sirens to routine calls. Make sure all vehicles meet current safety standards. MOST IMPORTANT: MANDATE SEAT BELT USE! Help to adopt safe driving rules and enforce them. Secure loose objects in cabs and on vehicles. Respond to emergencies using emergency response SOPs; no red lights and sirens to routine calls. Make sure all vehicles meet current safety standards. MOST IMPORTANT: MANDATE SEAT BELT USE!

32. Ky. Firefighter Killed, Second Wounded in Shooting at Scene of Domestic 'Worst Nightmare': Domestic Dispute Call Turns to Tragedy Ky. Firefighter Killed, Second Wounded in Shooting at Scene of Domestic 'Worst Nightmare': Domestic Dispute Call Turns to Tragedy Initiative # 12 Memphis: Firefighting Presents More Dangers Than Just Fire Six Firefighters Shot, Injured in Indiana Violence All Remain Hospitalized, One Seriously Six Firefighters Shot, Injured in Indiana Violence All Remain Hospitalized, One Seriously National protocols for response to violent incidents (including terrorism) should be developed and championed.

33. Fire and EMS workers deserve to have policies which will reduce their exposure to all threats of violence. What Initiative #12 Means Promote policies to “stage” violent incident responses, removing the pressure to react immediately. SOPs should include “GO” and “No- GO” criteria. Learn all you can about responding to terrorist incidents, regardless of your department’s size or proximity to predicted targets. Promote policies to “stage” violent incident responses, removing the pressure to react immediately. SOPs should include “GO” and “No- GO” criteria. Learn all you can about responding to terrorist incidents, regardless of your department’s size or proximity to predicted targets.

34. Initiative # 13 Firefighters and their families must have access to counseling and psychological support

35. Firefighting is a high-risk occupation which, from time to time, can put the employee and his or her family under extreme stress. They deserve access to mental health care. What Initiative #13 Means If you are feeling stress (depression / anxiety or physical symptoms) seek help from physicians, EAP counselors, and religious or other sources. Don’t “tough it out”; this could lead to bad results for you and your family. Stress-awareness should be part of firefighter training at all levels. Help a buddy you see struggling with stress-related problems. If you are feeling stress (depression / anxiety or physical symptoms) seek help from physicians, EAP counselors, and religious or other sources. Don’t “tough it out”; this could lead to bad results for you and your family. Stress-awareness should be part of firefighter training at all levels. Help a buddy you see struggling with stress-related problems.

36. Public education must receive more resources and be championed as a critical fire and life safety program Initiative # 14

37. Public Education is a responsibility of all fire service personnel. It should not be reserved for one week in October. Increased civilian awareness will decrease firefighter risks. What Initiative #14 Means Make communicating the fire prevention message to the community a priority. Utilize USFA resources and materials—they are free and excellent. Become an ambassador for community safety in your church, children's’ schools, volunteer groups, etc. Become an advocate for code adoption & enforcement. Make communicating the fire prevention message to the community a priority. Utilize USFA resources and materials—they are free and excellent. Become an ambassador for community safety in your church, children's’ schools, volunteer groups, etc. Become an advocate for code adoption & enforcement.

38. Advocacy must be strengthened for the enforcement of codes and the installation of home fire sprinklers Initiative # 15

39. The widespread use of residential sprinklers will improve outcomes for civilians and decrease firefighter injuries and LODDs. What Initiative #15 Means Ensure all firefighters understand how sprinkler systems operate and the value they bring to reducing Line of Duty Deaths. Actively advocate for residential sprinkler laws and widespread adoption. If you build a home, consider the installation of a sprinkler system—lead by example. Ensure all firefighters understand how sprinkler systems operate and the value they bring to reducing Line of Duty Deaths. Actively advocate for residential sprinkler laws and widespread adoption. If you build a home, consider the installation of a sprinkler system—lead by example.

40. Safety must be a primary consideration in the design of apparatus and equipment. Initiative # 16

41. Encourage your department to make “safety” the highest priority in equipment and apparatus purchases — as high as design and price. What Initiative #16 Means Form an apparatus committee and help set your department’s policies on equipment and apparatus purchases. Read professional journals and attend conferences where new innovations in apparatus and equipment are demonstrated. Learn NFPA standard 1901 regarding apparatus safety standards. Form an apparatus committee and help set your department’s policies on equipment and apparatus purchases. Read professional journals and attend conferences where new innovations in apparatus and equipment are demonstrated. Learn NFPA standard 1901 regarding apparatus safety standards.

42. Self-Evaluation Summary Is Your Department on the path to a Line of Duty Death ? Do you know what the path looks like ? Is Your Department on the path to a Line of Duty Death ? Do you know what the path looks like ?

43. Does it Look Like this? Older & Heavier Stiff versus Flexible High Cholesterol versus Low Insulin versus Non Insulin Experience Exchange versus Early Death Older & Heavier Stiff versus Flexible High Cholesterol versus Low Insulin versus Non Insulin Experience Exchange versus Early Death More Accidents Criminal Charges Incarceration Civilian casualty Firefighter casualties More Accidents Criminal Charges Incarceration Civilian casualty Firefighter casualties

44. IF YOUR DEPARTMENT IS ON THE ROAD TO A LINE OF DUTY DEATH YOU CAN BEGIN TODAY TO CHANGE THE ROAD YOU’RE ON: Watch the videos in the Firefighter Life Safety Resource Kit Conduct an organizational assessment and implement changes Encourage and reward positive changes toward safety IF YOUR DEPARTMENT IS ON THE ROAD TO A LINE OF DUTY DEATH YOU CAN BEGIN TODAY TO CHANGE THE ROAD YOU’RE ON: Watch the videos in the Firefighter Life Safety Resource Kit Conduct an organizational assessment and implement changes Encourage and reward positive changes toward safety

45. Make a Commitment TODAY… Become an ADVOCATE for the 16 FIREFIGHTER LIFE SAFETY INITIATIVES For more information on the Courage To Be Safe…So Everyone Goes Home program www.everyonegoeshome.com Make a Commitment TODAY… Become an ADVOCATE for the 16 FIREFIGHTER LIFE SAFETY INITIATIVES For more information on the Courage To Be Safe…So Everyone Goes Home program www.everyonegoeshome.com