1. Standard-WS - 1 Dr. Minder Chen Associate Professor of Decision Science and MIS George Mason University Email: MCHEN@GMU.EDU 703-993-1788 Building XML Web Services for E-Business Applications

2. Standard-WS - 2 Blinds and Elephants Though each was partly in the right, and all were in the wrong! Elephant illustration (c)2002 Jason Hunt; naturalchild.org/jason It is massive as a wall. It moves air like a fan. It is sharp like a spear. It is soft like a rope. It is sneaky like a snake. It stands solid like a tree.

3. Standard-WS - 3 Elephant illustration (c)2002 Jason Hunt; naturalchild.org/jason It is massive as a wall. It moves air like a fan. It is sharp like a spear. It is sneaky like a snake. It stands solid like a tree. Diversified Views on Web Services Web services? It is soft like a rope. Programmable Web XML, SOAP, WSDL, UDDI Business Processes & Services Modularized ASP, WS Grids EDI, XML, B2B, SCM RPC, Corba, RMI, DCOM

4. Standard-WS - 4 Definition of Web Service  Loosely coupled, reusable software components that semantically encapsulate discrete functionality and are distributed and programmatically accessible over standard Internet protocols.  Web services are a stack of emerging standards that describe a service-oriented, component-based application architecture.  Web services represent a model in which discrete tasks within e-business processes are distributed widely throughout a value net. -- The Stencil Group

5. Standard-WS - 5 Where Is the Web going? Static Content Web Dynamic Interactive Web Integrated Programmable Web  HTML  Dynamic HTML (JavaScript)  CGI (using Perl, etc.)  ColdFusion, ASP, Java Servlet, JSP  ASP.NET  XML (Document interchange)  XML  Web Services (SOAP, WSDL, UDDI)

6. Standard-WS - 6 Evolutions of IT Applications Web sites (Content-oriented) Web-based Applications C/S Applications (Transaction-oriented) Web Services (Distributed Computing & Component-based development [CBD] ) Electronic Commerce (B2B: EDI & XML) Service-Oriented E-Business Applications Enterprise Software Systems

7. Standard-WS - 7 Distributed Computing  Remote Procedure Call (RPC)  Message Queue: IBM QSeries(IBM) Message Queue (Microsoft)  Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA)  Distributed Common Object Model (DCOM)  Java Remote Method Invocation (RMI)  J2EE - Enterprise Java Bean

8. Standard-WS - 8 HTTP and Firewalls   Firewall Port 80 DCOM Service Web Service RMI Service Client

9. Standard-WS - 9 XML DTD files XSD files Validation XML/XSL Applications XML definition languages XML 1.0 XML Schemas XSL Standards Standard XML software Application files XML Standards XML Parsers DOM SAX Generated Documents formatted in: HTML & CSS XML WML XML documents XSL files

10. Standard-WS - 10 SOAP  SOAP: "Simple Object Access Protocol“ XML-RPC SOAP 1.1 SOAP 1.2 (Working Draft)  XML-based lightweight protocol for exchanging information in a decentralized, distributed, heterogeneous environment Encapsulates the ability to make RPC Calls Data Encoding (serializing and de-serializing) Message Structure Message-Processing

11. Standard-WS - 11 SOAP  The SOAP Envelope is a XML-based message format: HEAD BODY  Bindings for exchanging SOAP envelopes HTTP-SOAP, HTTP-GET, HTTP-POST SMTP FTP Messaging queuing

12. Standard-WS - 12 Proxy object XML Web Service object SOAP message XML SOAP message XML SOAP message XML SOAP message XML SOAP Envelope HTTP Header SOAP request XML Data Attachments SOAP response Phase 2 Deserialize Phase 3 Serialize Phase 1 Serialize Phase 4 Deserialize Web Server Client XML Web Service Lifetime

13. Standard-WS - 13 SOAP: Encoding Complex Data Web Service Inc. 66 WSI

14. Standard-WS - 14 Develop & Deploy Web Services Add Web Ref HTTP/WSDL WSClass.Method(…) as ReturnedDataType HTTP-SOAP-IN Message Web Services Provider Web Services Consumer Web Service Source Code (Server) Compiler VS.NET.NET Client Platform Web Service Proxy Code Client Application Web Service Proxy Code (client) Compiler Client Source Code VS.NET Web Services Application Server Web Service Executables Deploy WSDL HTTP-SOAP-OUT

15. Standard-WS - 15 Business & services info. URL to WSDL SOAP Response SOAP Request Publish Find Invoke WSDL URLs Search criteria for web services     WSDL URL WSDL File   Service Registries Public UDDI Private UDDI Web Service Consumers Web Service Providers Role Operation Data flow Data/Message Bind n 

16. Standard-WS - 16 Communication Protocol (HTTP, FTP, SMTP, etc.) Service Description (WSDL) Service Directory (UDDI) Service Composition (BPEL4WS) Security (SAML, WS-Security) Web Services Standard Stack Reference Model (SOAP) SOAP Extension Reliability, Transaction (WS-ReliableMessaging, WS-Transaction) Messaging Protocol Standard Definition Languages (XML 1.0 Specification and XML Schema) Management (WS-Manageability )

17. Standard-WS - 17 Distributed Midle- Tier Components Web Services Windows Applications Web Applications Mobile Web Applications Presentation Layer Middle-Tier LayerServer Resource Layer PDA & Pocket PC Distributed Middle- Tier Components.NET CF J2ME.NET Framework Runtime Or Java Runtime Environment (JRE) Data Bases Web Services XML Web Services Internet Other Server Resources Web services in the context of a Three-Tier Application Architecture Legacy Applications Intranet

18. Standard-WS - 18 What is.NET – Industry View Software that connects people, information and devices

19. Standard-WS - 19 Trading Partners Suppliers Distributors Business Partners E-Business Integration Imperatives Heterogeneous Platforms ERP Application Packages Proprietary Apps Legacy Applications Consumers REQUIREMENTS Standards based integration Configurable across applications Business process oriented Loosely coupled Supports an incremental approach Scaleable, available, secure, manageable B2B Integration EAI B2C Internet / Virtual Private Network

20. Standard-WS - 20 IT Users IT Vendors Standard Organizations Development tools Infrastructure systems Open standards Propriety standards Applications IT Infrastructures Participate via giving feedbacks on practical usefulness Participate via contributing some IPs Influence standards adoption adopt support use develop Figure 20. Ecology of Standard Development and Adoption compete/ cooperate

21. Standard-WS - 21 Web Services Adoption & Implementation Decisions Technical Factors Application architecture Infrastructure tools Development tools Standards and Stakeholders IT Product Vendors Systems Integrators Enterprise Customer WS Providers Standard Organizations Web services standards Perceived Benefits Technical benefits Business benefits Operational benefits Strategic benefits Decision Outcomes Targeted applications Technical architecture Development strategies Deployment strategies Driving Forces of Web services adoptions and decision Driving Forces

22. Standard-WS - 22 Standard Setting Organizations IT Products Vendors Systems Integration Firms or Internal IT Units Enterprise IT Users IT User Community Web services standards Web services development tools and infrastructure products Needs for better & faster development & deployment environments Requirements for applications integration Advanced integration skills and solutions Competing standards proposals Integrated applications

23. Standard-WS - 23 The relatively rapid Web services adoption rate may be contributed by the following factors: IT vendors are strongly endorsing of Web services standards. The cost of adopting Web services is marginal. Web services has a relatively smooth learning curve comparing to other distributed computing technology.

24. Standard-WS - 24 Technical benefits Business benefits Link to Justification for Web service adoption: Technical and business benefits