1. WARM UP # 1/31 Unscramble the words from this chapter Bonus – 1 st 3 people who show me get EC slips! 1. D M E N L E 2. L A L E L 3. M E H C O S R O O 4. C R S E S V I E E 5. G Y E T Z O 6. A R T T I

2. Ch 11 NOTES #4 1/31 Types of genetic combinations

3. Types of genetics: 1. Complete (AKA: Mendelian traits)- 1 trait dominant over the other EX: monohybrid – 1 trait – eye color, etc. dihybrid – 2 traits

5. 2. Codominant - both traits show up if heterozygous EX: blood types, spotted, brown and white mix,etc.

6. 3. Polygenic - more than one gene + environment effects a trait EX: height, weight, skin color, cancer, diabetes, etc.

7. 4. Incomplete Dominance - mixture of two traits EX: red and white = pink tall and short = medium

8. 5. Sex-linked - traits on the X chromo. only EX: hemophilia, colorblindness, sickle cell

9. 46 chromosomes 23 pairs Last set is called the sex chromosomes – determines the sex of the person MALE: X Y FEMALE : X X

10. Who determines the sex of the baby? A. The mom does B. The dad does C. Both the mom and dad FEMALE: X X MALE: X Y

11. Males determine the sex of the baby WHY? because they have the X and they Y. Females only have X and X. X Y X X

12. All the female’s eggs will be X’s. If the sperm with the X fertilizes the egg, it will be a girl. If the sperm with the Y fertilizes the egg, it will be a boy.

13. DO YOU HAVE A SEX-LINKED TRAIT? COLORBLINDNESS TEST

18. Sex-linked traits are carried on the X, if a male gets 1 recessive it will show – because he only has one X In the female it will only show if she gets 2 recessives – because she has 2 x’s EX: X H Y X h Y will show X H X H X H X h X h X h CARRIER - you have the recessive gene and can pass it on to your child

19. Must use X and Y’s when doing punnett square for sex-linked!

20. PRACTICE SEX-LINKED EX: C = not colorblind c = colorblind Mom is a carrier for cb Dad is colorblind Children?

22. 2. CODOMINANT PHENOTYPE GENOTYPE Blood type A : A A or A O type B : B B or B O type AB : A B type O : O O

23. PRACTICE CODOMINANT Cross a person that has blood type B homozygous with a person that has blood type A heterozygous.

24. 3. INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE PHENOTYPE GENOTYPE White flower F W F W Red flower F R F R Pink flower F R F W

25. PRACTICE INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE Cross a pink flowering plant with a heterozygous red flowering plant.

26. 4. SEX- LINKED Humans – 46 chromo. = 23 pairs Autosomes – 22 pairs Sex Chromo. - 1 pair Females X X Males X Y *Does the mother or the father determine what sex the baby is?

27. Karyotype Pictures of the chromosomes Girl X XBoy X Y