1. I can identify the early Spanish explorers and areas they explored Identify the importance of 1519 Folder Notebook Map Pencils Textbook Turn In: Shields HW: Finish Maps Explorer Time Line 10/6/15 You Need Learning Target

2. Explorer Chart

3. Explorer: Hernán Cortes Date: 1519 Country: Spain Area Explored: Eastern coast of Mexico

4. Conquered the Aztecs Built Mexico City which became the capital of New Spain. Inspired other Spaniards to come to the Americas. Accomplishments:

5. Explorer: Alonso Á lvarez de Pineda Area Explored : Texas Coast Date: 1519 Country: Spain Area Explored: Texas Coastline

6. Accomplishments: Observed and mapped the coast of Texas Voyage increased interest in Texas

7. Explorer: Pánfilo de Narváez Date: 1527 Country: Spain Area Explored: Area between Florida and Mexico

8. Explorer: Narváez  Narv á ez had helped conquer Cuba in 1511.  In 1520, the governor of Cuba sent Narváez to Mexico to arrest Cortes. Cortes’s men defeated Narváez and his soldiers. Narváez lost an eye in the fight Narváez was imprisoned by Cortes  Leads this failed expedition to explore the lands between Florida and Mexico  5 ships, 600 soldiers, & horses  Narváez divided his forces:  ½ went in search of harbor (They took the ships and returned home.)  ½ went to look for gold: Spaniards got lost, attacked by Indians, found no gold Discovered that ships had abandoned them Ate their horses to survive Built flimsy boats and 3 of them landed on Texas island (Malhado=Isle of Misfortune) 80 explorers survived (including Cabeza de Vaca and Estevanico) Narváez’s boat washed out into the Gulf of Mexico

9. Accomplishments: First Europeans to enter Texas.

10. Explorer: Cabeza De Vaca & Estevanico Date: 1527 Country: Spain Area Explored: Galveston Island or San Luis Island area Estevanico was from Morocco, but sailing for Spain

11. Accomplishments: Lived with the Karankawa Indians for the next few years: 1 st Europeans to see buffalo! Worked as a servant, trader, & a healer (shaman) Captured by Coahuiltecans and met 3 other survivors including Estevanico…escaped In 1536, almost 8 years after their shipwreck, they met a group of Spanish soldiers who took them to Mexico City. Reported hearing of “mountains to the north, where there were towns of great population and great houses.” Reported he had seen signs of gold Cibola (Seven Cities of Gold) are a Spanish legend. Estevanico: First known African to enter Texas.

12. Explorer: Fray Marcos & Estevanico Date: 1539 Country: Spain Area Explored: New Mexico & Arizona looking for C í bola

13. Accomplishments: Fray Marcos was an experiences & skilled explorer Estevanico sent as a guide along with 300 Mexican Indians Estevanico ahead to scout the way and was killed by Zuni Indians. Fray Marcos viewed city from afar and saw it shining and sparking like gold in the sun. Fray Marcos returned home and reported finding C í bola.

14. Explorer: V ásquez de Coronado Date: 1540 Country: Spain Area Explored: New Mexico, Arizona, Texas, & Kansas

15. Accomplishments: Sent to conquer C í bola with 300 soldiers and 1,000 Mexican Indians Fray Marcos now serving as guide Fought Zuni Indians but found no gold (only adobe village)! At Tiguex, Coronado met the Turk. He told the Spanish about Quivira, a nearby region that was full of gold. Turk lied…only grass huts and corn Tigua wanted the Spanish to leave their village Saw the Palo Duro Canyon, Grand Canyon, and buffalo Claimed Wichita country for Spain.

16. Explorer: De Soto Date: 1539 Country: Spain Area Explored: From Florida to the Mississippi River

17. Accomplishments: De Soto and 600 soldiers landed on Florida coast Explored south-eastern U.S. for 2 years First European explorer to reach the Mississippi River. De Soto dies Moscoso takes command

18. Explorer: Luis de Moscoso Date: 1542 Country: Spain Area Explored: Mississippi River to Brazos River

19. Accomplishments: Continued De Soto expedition into East Texas

20. Explorer: Juan de Oñate Date: 1598 Country: Spain Area Explored: Rio Grande River to New Mexico

21. Accomplishments: Led 500 colonists to settle and govern colony around Pueblo Indians in New Mexico. Celebrated survival along Rio Grande at El Paso del Norte Oñate claimed entire area drained by the Rio Grande for Spain

22. Explorer: La Salle Date: 1682 Country: France Area Explored: Mississippi River and Texas Coast

23. Accomplishments: Claimed all land around the Mississippi River for the King of France. Built Fort St. Louis in Texas. Gave the French a claim to Texas.