1. “The Iliad”
(In Short)

2. Characters Achilles: Very powerful Achaean warrior
Flaw: cocky and prideful
In later myths, we find out he had a weak heel
Has two fates:
Live a long life with a family
Die young but in victorious battle

3. Characters The Story of Thetis & Zeus:
Zeus, the god of all gods, loved thetis, the goddess of the sea
The prophets said if they had a son, he would be stronger than zeus
Zeus said “Heck no!”
Zeus pawns thetis off on a mortal, peleus
Together they have Achilles, a demi-god

4. Characters Agamemnon: Patroclus: King of Mycenae
Brother of Melelaus, king of Sparta
Bully Toward Achilles
Patroclus:
Achilles’ Best friend
Dies in battle fighting Hector

5. Characters Odysseus: King of Ithaca (Greek Island)
Strong like Achilles, but has more Brains
Builds the Trojan Horse and leads the Achaeans to destroy Troy
Convinces Achilles to fight in the war against Troy

6. Characters Priam: Paris & Hector’s father The king of Troy
A pushover for Paris; he does whatever Paris wants him to do

7. Characters Paris: Prince of Troy
“Kidnaps” Helen, queen of Sparta, because he loves her
Everyone dislikes him because he puts Troy in Harms way
He brings Helen to Troy and causes the war between the Trojans and Achaeans
When Aphrodite, the goddess of love, and Athena, the goddess of wisdom and war, ask him who is prettier, he says Aphrodite, which makes Athena very angry

8. Characters Menelaus: Hector: King of Sparta
Wife, Helen, is kidnapped by the Trojan Prince, Paris
Hector:
Paris’ brother
Other prince of Troy
Very prideful and loyal to his family
Fights Achilles in a one-on-one battle

9. Characters Helen: The “Most beautiful woman in the world”
Leaves her husband, Menelaus, king of Sparta, for Paris, Prince of Troy
Means trouble for the Trojans – the war is partially her fault because she left her country

10. Characters Homer’s Gods & Goddesses:
Not bound by fate like mortals are
Have close bonds with mortals
EX: Aphrodite & Paris, Athena & Odysseus
Immortal
Their veins are full of ichor instead of blood
Eat ambrosia and drink nectar
Also “eat” smoke from animal sacrifices and spilled wine as offerings from mortals
Repay mortals by helping in battle, guiding them on quests, etc.

11. Characters Athena: Ares: Goddess of wisdom and war
Angry at Paris because he said Aphrodite was prettier than her
She allies with the Achaeans because of this
Ares:
The god of war
Allies with Trojans

12. Characters Aphrodite: Apollo: The goddess of love Allies with Trojans
The god of Poetry

13. Characters Thetis: Poseidon: The goddess of the sea Achilles’ mother
Allies with the Trojans
Poseidon:
God of the sea
Allies with the Achaeans

14. Characters Zeus: Hephaestus: Hades: God of all gods Neutral party
God of fire and metal-working
Neutral Party
Hades:
God of the underworld

15. Timeline of Events
Paris insults Athe4na by saying Aphrodite is prettier.
Menelaus doesn’t want to go to war; Agamemnon is trying to get Thessaly (Formerly known as Aeolus) to join their alliance.
Paris “Steals” Helen.

16. Timeline of Events
Agamemnon and Menelaus declare war on Troy; Thessaly joins.
The Achaeans and Trojans fight for nine years.
Agamemnon captures two maidens, Chryseis and Briseis; he gives Briseis to Achilles and keeps Chryseis for himself.

17. Timeline of Events
Chryses, Chryseis’ father and a priest, asks Agamemnon to let his daughter go; Agamemnon says no.
Chryses prays to Apollo to put a plague on the Achaeans; plague lasts for nine days.
The Achaeans get angry about the plague and make Agamemnon give Chryseis back; Agamemnon does, but takes Briseis

18. Timeline of Events
Achilles lets Briseis go, but gets angry and refuses to fight in the battle anymore.
Achilles prays to his mother, Thetis, to “pull some strings” in battle and sabotage the Achaeans to teach Agamemnon a lesson.
Thetis gets Zeus to make the Achaeans weak and lose the battle led by Hector, Prince of Troy and Paris’ brother.

19. Timeline of Events
Patroclus asks to fight in Hector’s battle, disguised as Achilles, in order to trick and scare the Trojans.
The Trojans are scared and retreat; Hector does not and he kills Patroclus.
Achilles finds out Patroclus has dies and swears revenge on Hector; Thetis asks Hephaestus to make Achilles a new suit of armor to fight in.

20. Timeline of Events Achilles fights Hector and kills him.
Achilles ties Hector’s body to the back of his Chariot and drags it across the battlefield for nine days; he is trying to make a point as he is very upset over Patroclus’ death at Hector’s Hands.
Achilles angers the Gods with his vengeful actions and they demand he cease.

21. Timeline of Events
Priam visits Achilles and Begs for Hector’s body back so the Trojans can give him a proper burial; Achilles agrees.
“The Iliad” ends with Hector’s funeral.

22. What Happens Between…?
Paris dies in an attack; he is struck by a poisoned arrow of Philoctetes, the Prince of Thessaly.
Paris goes to his first wife, Oenoe, who has promised to heal his would after he left her for Helen.
Oenoe refuses to heal his wounds because he hasn’t been back for her for ten years; he’s been too focused on Helen.

23. What Happens Between…?
Paris returns to Troy to die; Oenoe regrets her decision and tries to save Paris but it’s too late.
Helen is forced to remarry – she marries Deiphobus, Paris’ brother-in-law.
Odysseus, at the advice of Athena and with the help of Epeius, a Greek artist, leads the Achaeans in a build of a giant hollow wooden horse, known as the Trojan horse.

24. What Happens Between…?
Some Achaeans hid inside and the rest sailed away in the ships to trick the Trojans into thinking they surrendered.
Sinon, a Greek, was left behind to convince the Trojans that the Greeks deserted him and that the horse was a sign of good luck.
The majority of the Trojans believed Sinon and partied all night.

25. What Happens Between…?
While they slept in a drunken stupor, the Achaeans broke out of the horse and killed everyone, destroying Troy.
Deiphobus, Helen’s new husband, is killed in the fall of Troy by King Menelaus.
Helen returns to Sparta to live with Menelaus again.

26. What Happened to Achilles?
When he was an infant, Thetis attempted to make Achilles immortal by dipping him into the River Styx.
She held him by his left ankle, which made his heel the only body part to not be dipped in the magical waters; this was the only are4a capable of a mortal wound.
In a battle, Achilles is shot in the hell by a stray arrow shot by Paris; Achilles dies.