1. CANCER HCT !

2. OBJECTIVES  Define and understand the difference between benign and malignant tumors  Students will be able to identify the classifications of tumors  Students will be able to differentiate carcinomas and sarcomas  List 5 major forms of cancer

3. TYPES OF TUMORS  Neoplasms (tumors) – abnormal growth of cells …Classified as  Benign  Malignant  Benign- … tumors remain localized …Very slow growing …Usually not fatal unless they affect a major organ …Often surrounded by a capsule …Cells are differentiated (similar to normal tissue cells)

4. TYPES OF TUMORS  Malignant …Not encapsulated …Grow rapidly …Cells are undifferentiated (abnormal in structure and function) …Cells fall away from the original neoplasm and start new tumors (breast cancer often spreads to the lymph nodes)  Metastasis- Cells leave the primary tumor and start a secondary tumor. Spreading of cells by blood or lymphatic vessels.

5. CLASSIFICATIONS OF TUMORS  Benign epithelial tumors can be classified by three types …Epithelial …Connective …Miscellaneous  Epithelial …Papilloma- finger like projections (HPV) …Adenoma- glandular tumor …Nevus- small pigmented tumor (MOLES)

6. CLASSIFICATION  Benign Connective Tissue Tumors …Lipoma- Adipose (fat) tumor …Osteoma- Bone tumor …Chondroma – Cartilage tumor  Malignant tumors that arise from epithelial tissue are called …Carcinomas  Malignant tumors that involve connective tissues are called …Sarcomas

7. CLASSIFICATIONS  Carcinomas …Melanoma- involves melanocytes (pigment producing cells) …Adenocarcinoma- Malignant tumors of glandular epithelium (glands or cells that secrete bodily fluids)  Sarcomas …Lymphoma- cancer of lymphatic tissue …Osteosarcoma- malignant tumor of bone tissue …Myeloma- bone marrow tumor …Fibroscarcoma- cancer of fibrous tissue (connective tissue)

8.  Miscellaneous …Tumors that don’t fit either category  Adenofibroma- Benign epithelial and connective tissue tumor  Neuroblastoma_ Malignant tumor from nerve tissue ***Cancers can also be classified by their location Stomach, skin, lung, brain…

9.  Benign  Malignant

11. MAJOR FORMS OF CANCER  LungLymphoma  ColonOvarian  BreastSkin  Prostate  Uterine  Bladder  Oral (lip, mouth and throat)  Pancreatic  Leukemia

12.  Read pages 89-90 starting with the causes of cancer and take notes!!!!  Pay special attention to the risk factor of cancer