1. Chapter 6 The Road to Revolution 1763-1776 US History

2. During the French and Indian War…. Benjamin Franklin proposed the first plan to unite the colonies during the French and Indian war (Albany Plan of Union) o This political cartoon urged all of the colonies to join together to defeat the French. This idea of union will come again when the colonists unite against the British

3. After the French and Indian War, Britain wanted to govern its colonies in a uniform way: o Imposed new Laws and Restrictions Proclamation of 1763 Could not settle west of the Appalachian Mtns. Angered colonists

4. British Troops and Taxes Needed money to pay for the French & Indian War. Attempted to have the colonists pay through taxes In 1764, Parliament passed the Sugar Act, a tax on sugar and molasses, and harsh punishment for smugglers.

5. British Troops and Taxes King George III sent 10,000 troops to the colonies to enforce the law. Passed the Quartering Act : 1765, required the colonies to quarter, or house, British soldiers and provide them with supplies.

6. In 1765, Britain passed the Stamp Act. Required all legal and commercial documents carry a stamp showing a tax had been paid. Diplomas, contracts, wills, even newspapers had to be written on stamped paper. Colonial leaders protested being taxed by a Parliament in which they had no voice.

7. Colonies Protest the Stamp Act “No taxation without representation!” Colonists formed secret societies to oppose British Policies: Sons of Liberty. Formed by lawyers, merchants, craftspeople and colonists most affected by the Stamp Act. Patrick Henry, a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses, called for a resistance to the tax, “If this be treason, make the most of it!”

8. Burned Stamped paper. Attacked customs officials. Organized boycotts of British goods. (Non-violent protests) (more extreme, or violent protest)

9. Parliament saw the Stamp Act was a mistake and was actually hurting British businesses. Parliament repealed the Stamp Act in 1766

10. 1.Suspended Colonial Assemblies until colonists agreed to provide housing for the troops. 2. Placed import taxes (duties) on goods like glass, paper, paint, lead, and tea. 1767, Britain passed the Townshend Acts To enforce the acts, British officers would use writs of assistance, or search warrants, to enter homes and businesses to search for smuggled goods.

11. Reasons for Protest Angry that elected assemblies had been suspended. Angry about the writs of assistance Believed writs went against their natural rights.

12. Tools of Protest Sons of Liberty, led by Bostonian Samuel Adams issued a boycott of British goods in 1767. Daughters of Liberty called on colonists to weave their own cloth and use American products. Called for peaceful protests-- but tempers were high. When British customs tried to seize a ship carrying smuggled wine, riot broke out and forced officers to flee. Officials called for more British troops.

14. The Boston Massacre March 5, 1770- Boston, MA Group of youths and dockworkers started hurling insults and objects at British soldiers. Fight broke out in front of the Customs House, soldiers began firing. The Bloody Massacre, Paul Revere

15. The Boston Massacre In the end, four laborers and Crispus Attucks lay dead. The Sons of Liberty called the shooting the Boston Massacre. Became a tool for anti-British propaganda in newspapers, pamphlets and posters. Boston was outraged

16. The Boston Massacre The British soldiers who fired were arrested for murder. Lawyer John Adams took the case and defended the soldiers in court. The law should be “deaf…to the clamors of the populace” “One of the best pieces of services I ever rendered my country.”

17. Committees of Correspondence Colonists started forming the committees of correspondence to exchange letters on colonial affairs.

18. The Tea Act In 1773, Parliament passed the Tea Act. Gave the British East India Company control over American tea trade. Now had to pay a tax on tea, and enraged the colonists.

19. The Boston Tea Party December 16, 1773 the Sons of Liberty organized the Boston Tea Party. Men disguised as Native Americans boarded ships docked in the Boston Harbor. Threw over 342 chests of tea into the harbor, destroying the tea.