1. Various Genres Narrative – OT Historical – Gospels and Acts  Reveals the deeds/words of God and how humans respond to these deeds/words Poetry – Psalter  Reveals how the faithful respond to God as the deeds/words of God are understood and lived out Poetry – Wisdom and Epistles  Reveals how the faithful live and struggle as the deeds of God unfold in the midst of evil Poetry – Prophets  Reveals how God responds to the forgetting of the words/deeds He manifested Poetry – Apocalyptic  Reveals the end of the deeds of God and how the earth and her inhabitants relate to this ending The Narrative Sermon = Telling the Story what God did, does and will do – Sermon as Information - Story The Worship Sermon = Responding to what God did, does and will do – The Sermon as Worship The Didactic Sermon = Understanding how to live as believer and church in a broken world The Confronting sermon = Understanding that God continues His work even without us. Repentance and Hope The Eschatological - Faith Sermon = Knowing that God will finish what He began – Joy and Hope

2. Genre Structure Historical OT BooksGospelsActs LITURGICAL GENRE WISDOM GENRE PROPHETIC GENRE EPISTOLARY GENRE APOCALYPTIC GENRE REMEMBRANCE - Through Recital, Liturgy, Education and Hope

3. Notes on Parallel Reading in Narrative and Poetry Comments on Hebrew Poetry – Kugel and others

4. Summary and notes of the book by Robert Alter Adele Berlin Kugel

5. Poetic ANALYSIS – From cola to strophe to stanza PAUSEPAUSE PAUSEPAUSE PAUSEPAUSE Smaller Segments : Strophes Begin with Smallest : Poetic Lines Larger Segments : Stanzas

6. I: Parallelism and Poetry Lowth (1778) Parallelism Synonymous Antithetic Synthetic Refinement of Parallelism Incomplete Staircase Janus Metathetic Etc

7. Poles of Parallelism From obvious ‘analogy’ to ‘absence’ of analogy All Genres use forms of LINE-ANALOGY (parallelism) POETIC (Ps 92:13 - - - - - - - - - - - - - NARRATIVE

8.  Poetry is made up of lines (cola)  Line A --- ---- ----\ 2-3 beats  Line B --- ---- ---] 2-3 beats  Line B amplifies semantically line A  Intensifies, concrete, specifies, heightens, dramatizes, contrasts etc.  Kugel’s rule in detail NORMATIVE POETIC RULES

9. A Ada and Zilla – hear my voice A A man I have killed for my wound A If sevenfold avenged is Cain B Wives of Lamech, give ear to my speech B A boy (ellipsis) for my bruising B Lamech then seventy-seven LAMECH’S SWORD SONG – GEN 4:23-24

10.  Ada and Zilla – hear my voice  A man I have killed for my wound  If sevenfold avenged is Cain  Wives of Lamech, give ear to my speech  A boy (elipsis) for my bruising  Lamech then seventy- seven LAMECH’S SWORD SONG – GEN 4:23-24

11. A.Smoke went up from His nostrils B.Consuming fire from His mouth = > C.Coals blazed forth from it = >> D.He bent the heavens, came down E.Dense mist beneath his feet [] F.Mounted a cherub and flew G.Soared on the wings of the wind =  PSALM 18 – LINES 10-12

12. // INDICATORS = synonymity (analogy) == synonymity with verbatim repetition > focusing, heightening, >>intensification, specification {} complementary – synthetic  consequence (result, reason why)  Contrast, opposite // Metaphor or striking image ?> Rhetorical Question ? If not sure or difficult to score

13. Kugels Rule: Psalm 80 A If A is so B B is even more so!

14. The basic rule (poetry) Rule of Kugel ◦If line A is so ◦Line B is even more so Manifold Interplay (Berlin) ◦Grammatically ◦Lexicographically ◦Sound ◦Conceptionally Interplay generates ◦Sequence and movement ◦Logical Argumentation ◦Emotive Power ◦Delight - Beauty

15. Example Proverbs 4:3-4 A When I was a son to my father, B Tender and the only one in the sight of my mother, A He also taught me, and said to me: B "Let your heart  retain my words; C Keep my commands,  and live.B

16. Kugels Rule: Job 3:3 A "May the day perish on which I was born, B And the night in which it was said, 'A male child is conceived.'

17.  Sequential verses (often) tell a ‘story’  Most in Job, Prophets  The Psalms  Less in Proverbs (except 1-9 and 31) LINES AND STORY

18.  You drew me out of the womb  Their feet run to evil  Made me safe at my mother’s breasts   They hurry to shed blood = >> STORY BETWEEN 2 LINES PS. 22:10 – PROV. 1:16 – JOB 16:13  His archers surrounded me He pierced my kidney Spilled to the ground Without mercy > my bile >>

19. A.My boy, keep my sayings B.Keep my precepts and live C.Bind them on your fingers D.Say to ‘Wisdom’ “You are my sister.” E.To keep you from the foreign woman My precepts store up by you = > My teaching, like the apple of your eye => Write them on the tablet of your heart >> Call ‘Understanding’ your kinsman = From an alien woman who talks smoothly => CH. 2: STORY LINE IN PROVERBS 7

20. ‘Story’ of Proverbs 23:29-35  NKJ Proverbs 23:29 Who has woe? Who has sorrow? Who has contentions? Who has complaints? Who has wounds without cause? Who has redness of eyes? 30 Those who linger long at the wine, Those who go in search of mixed wine. 31 Do not look on the wine when it is red, When it sparkles in the cup, When it swirls around smoothly; 32 At the last it bites like a serpent, And stings like a viper. 33 Your eyes will see strange things, And your heart will utter perverse things. 34 Yes, you will be like one who lies down in the midst of the sea, Or like one who lies at the top of the mast, saying: 35 "They have struck me, but I was not hurt; They have beaten me, but I did not feel it. When shall I awake, that I may seek another drink?"

21. Proverbs 23:29  Who has woe? Who has sorrow?  Who has contentions? Who has complaints?  Who has wounds without cause? Who has redness of eyes? 30 Those who linger long at the wine,  Those who go in search of mixed wine. 31 Do not look on the wine when it is red,  When it sparkles in the cup, When it swirls around smoothly; 32 At the last it bites like a serpent, And stings like a viper. 33 Your eyes will see strange things,  And your heart will utter perverse things. 34 Yes, you will be like one who lies down in the midst of the sea, Or like one who lies at the top of the mast, saying: 35 "They have struck me, but I was not hurt;  They have beaten me, but I did not feel it.  When shall I awake, that I may seek another drink?"

22.  23:29 Who has woe? Who has sorrow?  Who has contentions? Who has complaints?  Who has wounds without cause? Who has redness of eyes?  30 Those who linger long at the wine,  Those who go in search of mixed wine.  31 Do not look on the wine when it is red,  When it sparkles in the cup,  When it swirls around smoothly;  32 At the last it bites like a serpent, And stings like a viper.  33 Your eyes will see strange things,  And your heart will utter perverse things.  34 Yes, you will be like one who lies down in the midst of the sea, Or like one who lies at the top of the mast, saying:  35 "They have struck me, but I was not hurt;  They have beaten me, but I did not feel it.  When shall I awake, that I may seek another drink?" Initial Question and Answer The First Warning The Second Warning

23.  23:29 Who has woe? Who has sorrow?  Who has contentions? Who has complaints?  Who has wounds without cause?  Who has redness of eyes?  35 "They have struck me, but I was not hurt;  They have beaten me, but I did not feel it.  When shall I awake, that I may seek another drink?"

24.  How long, Lord, will you forget me perpetually?  How long will I cast about schemes in my mind?  How long will be my enemy over me?  Look, answer me, Lord my God!  How long will you hide your face from me? .... Grief in my heart all day?  (????? silence)  Give light to my eyes lest I sleep death! CH. 3: STRUCTURES OF INTENSIFICATION HOW LONG? LOOK! GIVE LIGHT, ANSWER (imperatives !!)

25. Perish the day I was born That day, let is be darkness let no brightness Let darkness and deep gloom claim it That night! Let blackness cease it – let it not join the days of the year > That night! Let it be desolate The night is was said: ‘A man- child has been conceived.’>> Let God above not seek it out shine on it >> Let a pal dwell over it – let what darkens the day cast terror on it Let it not come in the number of the month >> Let no sound of joy come into it > EXAMPLE JOB 3 - INTENSIFICATION

26. WB2-page 18 ACROSTICHON: PSALM 111  Halleluja  (a)  (b )  (g )  (d )  (h )  Etc.

27. Climactic: Psalm 134 He who made the Heavens and Earth The Lord bless you from Sion And praise the Lord In the Sanctuary Lift your hands up In the House of the Lord Who by night stand All you servants of Yahweh Behold, Bless the Lord

28. Antiphonal : Psalm 136