1. Restoring Peace in Europe

2.  TERMS  Reactionary: People who opposed change and wanted a return to absolute monarchs. liberalism: political philosophy accepting the ideas of the enlightment and democratic reforms. Congress of Vienna: Peace conference called to restore order and stability to Europe.

3.  TERMS  Reactionary: People who opposed change and wanted a return to absolute monarchs. liberalism: political philosophy accepting the ideas of the enlightment and democratic reforms. Congress of Vienna: Peace conference called to restore order and stability to Europe.

4.  Mettrenich’s guiding principles  Compensation- countries repaid for war expenses.  Legitimacy- restore power to absolute monarchs.  Balance of Power- no country could dominate Europe.

5.  Results   France forced to give up all territory they gained. (buffer states- neutral territories around France).  Pay compensation to other countries for war damages.  Reestablished royal monarchies to power. (Reactionaries)  Established Concert of Europe to maintain peace in Europe.  Tried to stop the rise of nationalism throughout Europe by redrawing boundaries reflecting wishes of rulers not people.  Tried to stop the spread of liberalism.

6.  Alliances- formed to prevent future revolutions.  Holy Alliance Ordered by Czar Alexander I. Called for Christian rulers to cooperate as a union. Pope and Great Britain refused to join.  Quadruple Alliance Great Britain, Austria, Prussia & Russia. Maintain settlements of Congress of Vienna. Meet periodically to discuss security. No Bonaparte could rule.

7.  Concert of Europe  Regular meetings held by members of the Alliance to keep stability in Europe.  Metternich System System of beliefs. Opposed to liberalism and nationalism. Defended absolute monarchs right to rule.

8.  Opposition  German students demonstrate for liberalism and nationalism.  Carlsbad Decree 1819  Censorship of publications.  Suppressed freedom of speech.  Spanish Colonies in Latin America revolted against Spain in 1820’s.  Greece won independence in 1829.