1. Szendrő Town Municipality Professional Fire Brigade 3752 Szendrő, Váralja út 3. SOME POTENTIAL APPLICATION FOR UAVs ESPECIALLY FIRE FIGHTING ÁGOSTON RESTÁS UAVNET Hungarian regional workshop 23rd September 2005 Szendrő, Hungary

2. HUNGARY Location: at the centre of Europe Lies in the Carpathian Basin Joining to European Union on 1 May 2004. Statistic: - 93 thousand km2 - 712 thousand hectares forests - 18.5 % of the country’s territory - 40 % private ownership

3. SZENDRŐ

4. AGGTELEK NATIONAL PARK

5. GLOBAL WARMING MEDIA STATISTIC

6. WHY HELP?

7. PROCESSE OF FINDING NEW TECHNOLOGIE NEW TECHNOLOGIE TRADITIONAL TECHNOLOGIE PRACTICAL STEPS JURISTIC STEPS THEORETICAL STEPS DEVELOPMENT APPLICATION

8. THEORETICAL STEPS 1. Analysing the traditional process 2. Gathering the problems of traditional process 3. Finding the theoretical solutions 4. Determine the requests 5. Evidence the economical efficiency

9. STATUS I. Analysing the process fighting forest fire Gathering the problems of reconnaissance Finding the theoretical solutions Determine the requests Answer:Aerial reconnaissance – UAV Robot Reconnaissance Aircraft 9th UAVNET Meeting 26 - 27. January 2004, Amsterdam

10. ANALYSING THE PROCESSE FIGHTING FOREST FIRE LOST TIME T LOST = R 2 Π -Δt saved 9.9. ON THE SCENE

11. GATHERING THE POBLEMS OF RECONNAISSANCE The fire may cover such a large area that reconnaissance requires touring around the entire affected area. Commander of fire-fighting operations is too close to the fire. He can not see the forest for the trees!

12. THE THEORETICAL SOLUTIONS PERSPECTIVE IMAGES RECONNAISSANCE BY UAV-RRA

13. REQUESTS Immediate deployment Image information Autonomy flying Take off vertically Flying around a circle of 1 km radius Flying about 10-15 minutes Rapid Simple Objective

14. STATUS II. Evidence of economical efficiency - comparison analysis - affected area analysis - economical analysis Answer:UAV The Utility of Robot Reconnaissance Aircraft 10th UAVNET Meeting 6 - 7. May 2004, London

15. AIR RECONNAISSANCE MATRIX 1088∑ xxxxxxCosts xxxxxxSupport xx xxxInformation xx xxxTime UAV - RRAUAVStaff aircraft

16. INTERVENTION SUPPORT BY UAV-RRA -Forest -Affected area by traditional control - Affected area by UAV-RRA support –Absolut lost

17. ECONOMICAL ANALYSIS COST absolute +COST affected area by traditional control +COST traditional intervention TOTAL COST traditional control COST absolute +COST affected area by UAV-RRA control +COST UAV-RRA intervention TOTAL COST UAV-RRA control COST affected area by traditional control >COST affected area by UAV-RRA control COST traditional intervention > COST UAV-RRA intervention COST affected area by traditional control - COST affected area by UAV-RRA control Δ COST affected area COST traditional intervention - COST UAV-RRA intervention Δ COST intervention TOTAL COST traditional control -TOTAL COST UAV-RRA control Δ TOTAL COST Δ COST affected area + Δ COST traditional intervention - COST UAV-RRA intervention Δ TOTAL COST COSTUAV-RRA intervention<ΔCOST affected area+ΔCOST traditional intervention ΔCOST affected area + ΔCOST traditional intervention -COSTRRA intervention > 0 !

18. PROCESSE OF FINDING NEW TECHNOLOGIE NEW TECHNOLOGIE TRADITIONAL TECHNOLOGIE PRACTICAL STEPS JURISTIC STEPS THEORETICAL STEPS DEVELOPMENT APPLICATION

19. 1.Experiment by traditional equipment 2.Evaluation the results 3.Comparison the requests to results 4.Determine the direction of development 5.Experiment by advanced technology PRACTICAL STEPS

20. Experiment by traditional equipment Evaluation the results Comparison the requests to results Determine the direction of development Answer: UAV based fire detection Result of test flyings in summer 2004. 11th UAVNET Meeting 6 - 7. September 2004, Budapest

21. EXPERIMENTE I. East fire South fire North fire Szendrő Fire Departement Lunch and landing

22. LAUNCH THE UAV

23. REAL TIME ANALISYS

25. REAL TIME FIRE MONITORING

26. EVALUATION THE RESULTS More time5Flying 10-15 minutes Real problem MeansDevelopmentResults (1-5) Requests xTime & Mind GPS based Robot 1Autonomy flying Giving up vertically Hand to hand3Take off place Longer distance5Flying 1 km radius xGiving up no control Training2Easy to use MoneyThermo cam4Image information xGiving up no time Specified plan2Immediate deployment COMPARISON & CONCLUSIONS

27. HOW THE PROCESS Choseing the best solution.

28. 3- STEP PROGRAM FIRST STEP Aim: to create a UAV which is as cheap as possible, with limited capabilities, but in a useable form, so that fire fighters have a chance to use UAV without any fear of crashing or losing it. Plane/equipment: the material of UAV is not easy to broken (wing from latex or plastic) but easy to replace. The UAV carries a cheap camera, visible only. Ground control only. Flight capacity: 15 minutes flight time, within a circle of, 1 km radius and 500 m altitude. Advantage: no fear from using UAV. Fire fighters get lots of experience in a real fire situation (fire) and within a short time. Disadvantage: limited capabilities, providing moderate quality information. Ground control only. At least 2 users. Time: I plan to fly it in the second part of March or the first part of April 2006. (Because of the dry grass this period is the first fire season of Hungary.) Costs: 1 – 2.000 Euros/UAV, Szendro Fire Department to finance it.

29. 3- STEP PROGRAM SECOND STEP Aim: to create a UAV with autonomous flying ability specialized for supporting fighting against forest fire. Plane/equipment: Carried by jeep, measuring 40x40x150 cm. Have to stick or turn the wings to carry it easily (40x40x150 cm). Able to turn, good quality visible/thermal camera with zoom. Autonomous flights, limited ground control. Able to start within 2 minutes. Flight capacity: 30 minutes flight time, within a circle of 3 - 5 km radius and 800 – 1000 m altitude. Advantage: full intervention support. Providing high quality information. User friendly. Disadvantage: first UAV is expensive. Time: it depends on money and developer but I hope it will fly before the end of 2006. Costs: 10 – 20.000 Euros, we apply for money from R&D Found.

30. 3- STEP PROGRAM THIRD STEP Aim: to create a mobile and integrated UAV base. It can be used in any type of intervention (not only forest fire). Plane/equipment: about 5 – 7 planes. 2 Zeppelins (1 little and 1 bigger one), (1 Helicopter?), 1 little UAV (as the 1. step), 1 moderate UAV (as the 2. step) and 1 high capacity UAV (have to develop it). Compact system to be carried it in a little truck. Advantage: ability to support any intervention from little accidents to disaster management, not only fighting against forest fire (e.g. at chemical accidents attached a special sensors, floods, Before - Fire Patrol, After - Fire Damage Estimation). Disadvantage: expensive. Several hours needed to start the planes. Use it only at long time intervention. Extensive background support needed. Time: development 2006 – 2008. Costs: 100 – 200.000 Euros. Need to apply for R&D Found to get money next year. We applied for money earlier but it was not successfully.

31. FUTURE

32. Thank You !