1. Chapter 2: Measurement and Problem Solving

2.  Practice measuring according to significant figures.

3.  What is the volume of water in the graduated cylinder in mL?  How many sigfigs is this?  How many L is this?  Express this number in sci. notation.

4.  Always take the measurement to one decimal place past the smallest gradation (tic mark)  Graduated cylinders ▪ Beakers/flasks/bottles /etc. are NOT used for measuring! Measure the volume of liquids ONLY with a graduated cylinder  Rulers  When using the electronic balance, record the entire number on the screen

6. 21.75 mL

7.  2.65 cm

8. 3.53 cm

9.  The bathroom scale has markings at every 1 lb. Report the reading to the correct number of digits.

10.  The unit system for science measurements, based on the metric system, is called the International System of Units or SI units.

11.  The standard of length  The definition of a meter, established by international agreement in 1983, is the distance that light travels in vacuum in 1/299,792,458 s. (The speed of light is 299,792,458 m/s.)

12.  The standard of mass  The kilogram is defined as the mass of a block of metal kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures at Sèvres, France. A duplicate is kept at the National Institute of Standards and Technology near Washington, D.C.

13.  The kilogram is a measure of mass, which is different from weight.  The mass of an object is a measure of the quantity of matter within it.  The weight of an object is a measure of the gravitational pull on that matter.  Consequently, weight depends on gravity while mass does not.

14.  The standard of time  The second is defined, using an atomic clock, as the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation emitted from a certain transition in a cesium-133 atom.