1. NetTech Solutions Common Connectivity Problems Lesson Eight

2. NetTech Solutions Exam Objectives Identify and troubleshoot name-resolution problems Identify and troubleshoot network adapter configuration problems Identify and troubleshoot LAN, Routing, and Remote Access configuration problems

3. NetTech Solutions Lessons in this Chapter: Resolving Physical Connectivity Issues Resolving Network Configuration Issues Resolving Complex Networking Issues Resolving Name-Resolution Issues Troubleshooting Internet Connection Sharing

4. NetTech Solutions Resolving Physical Connectivity Issues Malfunctioning cables, Network interface cards (NICs), Modems, Hubs, or wireless access points, or Incorrect configuration of these devices.

5. NetTech Solutions Checking Connections The Ethernet cable to the hub The Ethernet cables from the hub to other computers The physical connections to and from routers and firewalls The phone line to the phone jack The modem, hub, and other devices that need power to the wall jack The universal serial bus (USB) or FireWire cable

6. NetTech Solutions Troubleshooting Installed Hardware Using Device Manager

7. NetTech Solutions Troubleshooter Using Device Manager

8. NetTech Solutions Basic Process Checking Physical Connections Using the Modem Troubleshooter Is the issue Global or Local

9. NetTech Solutions Resolving Network Configuration Issues Modem connections. Cable and DSL connections. Workgroup connections. Domain connections.

10. NetTech Solutions Troubleshooting Modem Connections Physical problems Configuration problems User error

11. NetTech Solutions Internet Properties

12. NetTech Solutions Resolving Common Internet Connectivity Calls Table 8-1 –Page 8-12

13. NetTech Solutions Troubleshooting Cable and DSL Connections Connectivity problems include: –My dial-up modem keeps trying to dial out. –My Internet connection is unavailable. –I try to connect, but nothing happens at all. –My Internet connection is slow. –I think I am getting interference. Could something be causing that?

14. NetTech Solutions Resolving Common Internet Connectivity Calls Table 8-2 –Page 8-13

15. NetTech Solutions Troubleshooting Workgroup Connections A few computers, each of which is connected to a hub, router, or switch through an Ethernet cable or wirelessly, for the purpose of sharing files in a small office or a home.

16. NetTech Solutions Verify Logon Authentication Computer name

17. NetTech Solutions Command Line Utilities IPCONFIG NET CONFIG

18. NetTech Solutions TCP/IP Properties

19. NetTech Solutions Re-Creating the Network Connection Steps on page 8-18

20. NetTech Solutions Troubleshooting Domain Connections Note –A computer running Windows XP Home Edition cannot join a domain.

21. NetTech Solutions Note Before performing any of the following troubleshooting techniques, –verify that physical connections are solid, –that the NIC has a green light indicating that it is functional (if the NIC has diagnostic LEDs), and –that switches, routers, and other devices are working properly and are available.

22. NetTech Solutions Resolving Tier-1 Domain Connectivity Calls Page 8-20 Caution –If the computer is not configured with the correct DNS server addresses (or cannot contact the DNS servers), you will not be able to change the computer’s membership.

23. NetTech Solutions Network Diagnostics

24. NetTech Solutions Network Connections DHCP Static APIPA

25. NetTech Solutions Exam Tip On the exam, you will often be shown IP addressing information for use in troubleshooting a networking problem. Remember the range of IP addresses used by APIPA. If you see that a computer has an IP address starting with 169.254, it is a dead giveaway that a DHCP server is not being reached. This could happen because of a networking problem or a DHCP issue.

26. NetTech Solutions Practice: Resolve Network Configuration Issues –Page 8-26

27. NetTech Solutions Resolving Complex Networking Issues OSI Model TCP/IP Tools work at the Network layer –Ping Loopback Local Address Default Gateway Remote Address –IPCONFIG –Rules About TCP/IP Addressing

28. NetTech Solutions IP Address Classes Address Class Range Default Subnet Mask Networks/Nodes Class A 1.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 255.0.0.0 126 networks of up to 16,777,214 nodes each Class B 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255 255.255.0.0 16,382 networks of up to 65,534 nodes each Class C 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255 255.255.255.0 2,097,150 networks of up to 254 nodes each Class D 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 None All members of the multicast session share the same IP address Class E 240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255 None Strictly for research and experimentation purposes

29. NetTech Solutions Using Net View

30. NetTech Solutions If the Net View command fails Check the following: –The computer name in the System Properties dialog box. –The gateway or router address in the TCP/IP Properties dialog box. –The gateway or router’s status. –The remote computer is running the File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks Service.

31. NetTech Solutions More Tools Tracert Pathping Third party tools –Internet web sites –NeoTrace

32. NetTech Solutions Practice: Use Network Troubleshooting Tools –Page 8-36

33. NetTech Solutions Resolving Name-Resolution Issues DNS –Internet Queries rely on DNS –HOST file is used for DNS WINS –NetBIOS Queries and browsing rely on WINS –LMHOST.SAM file is used for WINS

34. NetTech Solutions HOST File

35. NetTech Solutions LMHOST File

36. NetTech Solutions Troubleshooting Internet Connection Sharing Configure Internet Connection Sharing. Identify the limitations of ICS. Enable ICS

37. NetTech Solutions Configuring Internet Connection Sharing ICS Limitations –Must have Two NICs –On XP only supports 10 user connections –Limited to 192.168.0.0 network –Does not have IP address conflict detection –ICS must be enabled from the dial-up, virtual private network (VPN), broadband, or other connection to the Internet. –Should not be used with DHCP, DNS, or Gateways

38. NetTech Solutions Summary Case Scenario –Page 8-48 Troubleshooting Lab –Page 8-49 Exam Highlights –Page 8-50