1. University of Winchester Core 2 Science
Core Year 2 Materials
University of Winchester Core 2 Science

2. Restructuring, modification and extension of ideas
Constructivist model Scott, P. (1987) A Constructivist View Of Teaching And Learning. Leeds: University Press.
Orientation
Elicitation
Restructuring, modification and extension of ideas
Application of ideas
Review and evaluation of ideas
University of Winchester Core 2 Science

3. Constructivism Orientation Arousing children’s interest and curiosity
Setting the scene
Relating to a real life context
University of Winchester Core 2 Science

4. Constructivism Elicitation/Structuring
Helping children to find out and clarify what they think
Making ideas explicit to themselves, peers, teachers.
University of Winchester Core 2 Science

5. Intervention/Restructuring ‘Making sense’ of ideas
Constructivism
Intervention/Restructuring
Encouraging children to test their ideas: to extend, develop or replace them
‘Making sense’ of ideas
University of Winchester Core 2 Science

6. Using new ideas in familiar and new contexts
Constructivism
Application
Evaluation continues
Using new ideas in familiar and new contexts
Helping children to relate what they have learned to their everyday lives
University of Winchester Core 2 Science

7. University of Winchester Core 2 Science
Constructivism
Review
Helping children to recognise the significance of what they have found out, how they have changed their thinking
University of Winchester Core 2 Science

8. Constructivism - summary
Children have strongly held ideas
Learning involves the active construction of new meaning
Children may appear to understand new ideas presented to them, but not believe them
Shared meanings, reinforced by social interaction, are difficult to change.
Constructivism has its own language – e.g. children’s ideas, alternative frameworks, misconceptions.
University of Winchester Core 2 Science

9. ‘Materials’ in the Foundation Stage
What experiences could you provide for young children to encourage them to explore materials and their properties?
Why is early exploration so important?
University of Winchester Core 2 Science

10. Materials in the National Curriculum Sc3
Browse Sc3 Materials & their Properties
at KS1 and 2.
University of Winchester Core 2 Science

11. ‘Principles and Big Ideas of Science Education’ at
Big Idea 1: All material in the Universe is made of very small particles
Atoms are the building blocks of all materials, living and non-living. The behaviour of the atoms explains the properties of different materials. Chemical reactions involve rearrangement of atoms in substances to form new substances. Each atom has a nucleus containing neutrons and protons, surrounded by electrons. The opposite electric charges of protons and electrons attract each other, keeping atoms together and accounting for the formation of some compounds.
Core Science Year 2 (3)

12. University of Winchester Core 2 Science
Teacher subject knowledge is important TASK Solids, liquids and gases – the states of matter
To elicit our ideas on solids, liquids and gases, i.e. the states of matter
You have a set of everyday materials.
Please sort them into solids, liquids and gases.
Sort them as they are - do not include the container in your decisions.
These materials have been chosen to match what we think are
suitable for you. You may need to adapt the selection of materials
to match your pupils in school.
University of Winchester Core 2 Science

13. Definitions Nuffield Primary Science (1993) Materials Key
Stage 2 Teachers Guide, London Collins Educational.
“A solid has definite shape. It remains that shape unless a force acts on it.... Cotton wool can be easily changed [but] it does have a definite shape.” P91
“A liquid has no fixed shape but it keeps the same volume when it is poured into a different container” p91
“A gas has no fixed shape or volume... Fill [s] the whole of the space in which it is contained.” P91
Core Science Year 2 (3)

14. University of Winchester Core 2 Science
Challenge
Cornflour Gloop
Solid or liquid?
University of Winchester Core 2 Science

15. University of Winchester Core 2 Science
TASK
Use the same set of materials
This time decide which are pure substances and which are mixtures.
University of Winchester Core 2 Science

16. University of Winchester Core 2 Science
Remember! Children often hold common misconceptions or ‘children’s ideas’
e.g.
identify melting in water but
do not generalise to others situations
use ‘melting’ / ‘dissolving’ / ‘turning into water’ as the same thing
KS1 – evaporation – water disappears
KS2 – evaporation – water turns into air, rather than vapour in air
Russell T, Longden K & McGuigan L (1991) Materials,
Liverpool, University of Liverpool Press.
University of Winchester Core 2 Science

17. So…use sources of information when you plan
e.g.
SPACE Research Reports
Nuffield SPACE
Nuffield Primary Science Scheme
QCA schemes
ASE ‘Primary Science’ and other journals
QTS science study guides
University of Winchester Core 2 Science

18. Please note directed tasks and be fully prepared for next session 
Review Science Confidence Audit. Use your audit to identify areas of knowledge and understanding in science on which you need to work. Next week you will identify 3-4 other students in your group who wish to work on the same area for a student led workshop.
Read Roden (2005) Complete the reflection tasks and bring to next session.
Read Lee & Tan (2004) What do you think?
Revise ‘Changing Materials’ for next week.
NOTE NETWORKED CDRom ‘Subject Software’ ‘Science Issues’
University of Winchester Core 2 Science