1. UNIT 5 LESSON 5

2. LEARNING OBJECTIVE  Understanding how cost impacts where things are grown.

3. COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE  Commercial Agriculture:  Element of 2 nd Agricultural Revolution  Farmers & Ranchers sell output for money  Money used to buy stuff at stores

4. INTENSIVE COMMERCIAL FARMING  Intensive Commercial Farming  Dairy Farming  Close to market (spoils)  Milk, Cheese, and Butter  Truck Farming  Don’t be misled! Truck farming originally meant “bartering”  Products that are sold fresh to customers  Apples, cherries, lettuce, tomatoes, etc.  Rely heavily on machinery and fertilizers

5. EXTENSIVE COMMERCIAL FARMING  Extensive Commercial Farming  Livestock ranching  Commercial grazing of livestock over an extensive area  Located in western U.S. (but decreasing)  Pampas (prairie) of Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay  Most meat exported to industrialized countries

6. EXTENSIVE COMMERCIAL FARMING CONT.  Extensive Commercial Farming Cont.  Grain Farming  U.S. is most important  We have two harvest areas (World’s Breadbasket)  Winter wheat area: Kansas, Colorado, Oklahoma (ripens in summer)  Spring Wheat area: Washington  Work is concentrated during harvest and planting

7. VON THUNEN’S MODEL OF AGRICULTURAL LAND USE I’m an 18 th century German Farmer. My theory is based off of flat terrain and uniform soil with no significant barriers to transportation to market.

8. I put a ring on it….. Von Thunen Rings!!

9. Actually 4 Rings! Ring 1: Market Gardening & Dairy Ring 2: Forest Ring 3: Field Crops Ring 4: Animal Grazing

10. My rings reflect the need to apply intensive agriculture methods for high-value and perishable crops in the first ring. In the 1 st ring, land is subdivided in small lots, it’s valuable. It’s market gardening and dairy

11. My 2 nd Ring is forest …..Fire! Fire!!! …we still burned wood in my day…and it’s bulky.

12. My 3rd Ring was used for crops that were less perishable (they last longer) and include wheat and other grains.

13. My 4 th ring is for animal grazing, which requires a lot of space. Outside of this ring is “wilderness” which is where it becomes unprofitable to farm because of the distance to market. ‘sup Thunen

14. I made this theory to explain how the spatial character of economic activity. I wanted to identify the interplay of transportation costs and value of the products on rural land use. I had to balance distance, weight, when things perished.

15. RANDOM SIDE GAME:  http://en.educaplay.com/en/learningresources/1173680/von_thunen.htm http://en.educaplay.com/en/learningresources/1173680/von_thunen.htm  It’s a Von Thunen Matching game to help you practice the rings.