1. THE LYRIC AGE

2. I. MINOAN TRADE

3. A. INTRODUCTION 1. WHO- SEAFARING PEOPLE AROUND 2. WHAT - DOMINATED TRADE IN THE EASTERN MED. 2000 B.C. (CENTRAL LOCATION)

4. …INTRO 3. WHERE - ISLAND OF CRETE IN THE SOUTHERN AEGEAN

6. …INTRO 4. CULTURAL DIFFUSION a. TRADE ITEMS - POTTERY, SWORDS, FIGURINES, PRECIOUS METALS, WOOD

8. …INTRO b. EXPORTED ART AND CULTURE 1.) ARCHITECTURE, ART & CULTURE

9. …INTRO C. STEPPING STONE CENTRAL LOCATION ENCOURAGED CULTURAL DIFFUSION THROUGHOUT THE MED.

10. CENTRAL LOCATION

11. B. UNEARTHING A CIVILIZATION 1. KNOSSOS a. MINOAN CAPITOL CITY b. PEACEFUL, UNFORTIFIED CITY

13. …CIVILIZATION c. KING MINOS’ LEGEND 1.) MINOTAUR - HALF-MAN HALF-BULL MONSTER 2.) LABYRINTH - UNDERGROUND MAZE AT KNOSSOS

14. MINOTAUR GUARDING THE LABYRINTH AT THE PALACE OF KNOSSOS

15. …CIVILIZATION d.) MINOAN PEOPLE (1.) MURALS - WALL PAINTING (2.) GRACEFUL ATHLETIC PEOPLE

17. …CIVILIZATION (3.) SPORTS - BOXING, WRESTLING, BULL LEAPING (4.) WOMEN (a.) HIGHER RANK THAN OTHER CULTURES

18. …CIVILIZATION (b.) HIGHEST GOD - MOTHER EARTH GODDESS (C.) PRIESTESS IN CHARGE OF SHRINES

19. …CIVILIZATION e. MINOAN RELIGION (1.) SACRIFICED BULLS AND OTHER ANIMALS (2.) AT LEAST ONE HUMAN SACRIFICE

20. C. MINOAN END 1. WHEN - 1200 B.C. 2. WHY a.) EARTHQUAKES & VOLCANIC EXPLOSIONS FROM ISLE OF THERA

22. …END b.) CIVILIZATION DID NOT FULLY RECOVER c.) INVADED FROM MAINLAND GREECE (MYCENAEAN)

23. …END d.NORTHERN GREEK PEOPLE OF INDO- EUROPEAN DESCENT WHO CONTROLLED THE BALKAN PENINSULA TILL APPROX. 750 B.C.

24. II. GREEK GEOGRAPHY

26. A. INTRODUCTION LANDS OF THE GREEKS 1. BALKAN(GREEK) PENINSULA - MOUNTAINOUS PENINSULA BETWEEN IONIAN & AEGEAN SEAS

27. …INTRO 2. ISLANDS - 2000 ISLANDS IN IONIAN & AEGEAN SEA 3. ANATOLIA - WESTERN COAST OF ANATOLIA PENINSULA (ASIA MINOR)

28. DARDENELLES

29. B. THE SEA 1. SURROUNDING WATERS a.) AEGEAN - EAST b.) IONIAN - WEST c.) BLACK SEA - N.E. OF AEGEAN

31. …SEA 2. SEA TRADE & TRAVEL a.) CONNECTED GREECE WITH OTHER CIVILIZATIONS

32. …SEA b.) CAUSES FOR SEA TRADE (1.) LACK OF NATURAL RESOURCES (2.) STEEP ROCKY COASTLINE PROVIDED NATURAL HARBORS

34. …SEA (3.)HELLENIC CULTURAL DIFFUSION SPREAD MAINLAND GREEK CULTURE THROUGHOUT THE MED. BECAUSE OF SEA TRADE & COLONIZATION

35. …SEA (4.) PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE AEGEAN BASIN SHAPED THE ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, & POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT OF GREEK CIVILIZATION.

36. C. LAND 1. MOUNTAINOUS EFFECTS ON CULTURE a.) DIVIDED LAND INTO DIFFERENT REGIONS b.) DIFFICULT TO UNITE INTO SINGLE GOVT. (GEOGRAPHIC FORTRESSES)

38. …LAND C. CITY STATES - SMALL INDEPENDENT KINGDOMS MADE UP OF VALLEY & SURROUNDING MOUNTAINS

39. …LAND d.) STEEP, ROCKY COAST GOOD FOR NATURAL HARBORS

41. …LAND 2. EFFECT ON LAND TRAVEL a.) POOR ROADS/DIRT PATHS b.) DIFFICULT TRAVEL c.) LIMITED ABILITY TO TRADE & CONDUCT WARFARE

42. …LAND d.) AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES (DIRT & WATER) (1.) ARABLE - ROCKY LAND 20% SUITABLE FOR FARMING (2.) SMALL STREAMS NOT SUITED FOR IRRIGATION

44. …LAND (e.) EFFECT OF LIMITED RESOURCES (1.) COULD ONLY SUPPORT SMALL POPULATION

45. …LAND (2.) STAPLE CROPS - CROP WHICH IS MAJOR PART OF DIET OR MAIN CROP FOR TRADE (GRAIN (CORN), GRAPES, OLIVES) (3.) COLONIZATION - THE SETTLING OF FOREIGN LANDS TO PRODUCE MATERIALS FOR THE HOME COUNTRY

46. …LAND (4.) WHY - NEED FOR GRASSLANDS & FARMLANDS (5.) EFFECTS OF COLONIES (a.) INCREASED TRADE (b.) SPREAD HELLENIC CULTURE (c.) SHIFTED TO MONEY ECONOMY

47. D. CLIMATE 1. SUMMER - 80’S & DRY WINTER – 48 & COOL 2. EFFECTS a.) LEISURE TIME SPENT OUTDOORS AT PUBLIC EVENTS

48. …CLIMATE b.) DISCUSSED PUBLIC EVENTS (GOVERNMENT) OUTSIDE C.) AGORA - OUTDOOR CENTER OF GOVERNMENT & TRADE IN ANCIENT GREEK CITY STATES

50. III. MYCENAEAN CIVILIZATION

51. A. INTRODUCTION 1. ANCESTORS a.) INDO EUROPEAN b.) SETTLED MAINLAND AROUND 2000 B.C.

52. …INTRO 2. LEADING CITY a.) MYCENAE b.) BUILT ON STEEP ROCKY HILL RIDGE

53. …INTRO c.) SURROUNDED BY WALL 20 FT THICK d. DOMINATED GREECE 1600- 100B.C. e.) MOST EARLY KINGDOMS BUILT THIS WAY

57. B. CULTURE & TRADE 1. ARISTOCRATIC LIFE (NOBLES) a.) ATE WELL b.) BURIED WITH TREASURES

58. …CULTURE c.) ECONOMICS (1.) CONTROLLED PRODUCTION AND TRADE (2.) USED ARMIES TO GAIN WEALTH

59. …CULTURE d.) COMMON PEOPLE (1.) TOOLS - WOOD & STONE TOOLS

60. …CULTURE (2.) OCCUPATIONS (a.) MOST FARMERS (b.) WEAVERS (c.) HERDERS (d.) STONEMASONS

61. …CULTURE e.) CONTACT WITH THE MINOANS (1.) CAUSES (a.) INVASION (b.) TRADE

62. …CULTURE (2.) CULTURE ADOPTED (a.) SEA TRADE (b.) ADAPTED MINOAN WRITING TO GREEK LANGUAGE (ALPHABET)

64. MINOAN LINEAR A

65. …CULTURE (c.) MINOAN LEGENDS BECAME CENTER OF GREEK RELIGION, ART, POLITICS, & RELIGION

66. …CULTURE (d.) THE EXPANSION OF GREEK CIVILIZATION THROUGH TRADE AND COLONIZATION LED TO THE SPREAD OF HELLENIC CULTURE ACROSS THE MED & BLACK SEA

67. C. TROJAN WARS 1. WHEN - 1200 B.C. 2. WHERE - CITY OF TROY ON ANATOLIA PENINSULA (NOSE OF THE DOG) 3. WHY - THE KIDNAPPING OF HELEN FROM GREEKS KINGDOM

68. …WARS 4. HEINRICH SCHLIEMANN a.) FOUND THE REMAINS OF CITY ( MOST LIKELY TROY) b. LEGENDS OF TROJAN WAR BASED ON REAL PEOPLE AND PLACES

69. …WARS c.) NEW THEORY - FOUGHT FOR CONTROL OF TRADE ROUTE THROUGH DARDENELLES (STRAITS) TO BLACK SEA COLONIES

70. DARDANELLES

71. IV. CULTURE DECLINES

72. A. INTRODUCTION 1. COLLAPSED AROUND 1200 B.C. 2. CONQUERED BY THE DORIANS

73. …INTRO 3. EFFECTS OF DARK AGE a.) ECONOMY & TRADE COLLAPSE b.) FORGOT HOW TO WRITE

74. …INTRO 4. 400 YEARS OF NO WRITTEN RECORD 5. DARK AGE - PERIOD OF TIME WHEN CIVILIZATION EXPERIENCES A REVERSAL OF CULTURE

75. POETS & HEROES

76. B. HOMER 1. BLIND POET/STORYTELLER CREATED THE ILIAD & THE ODYSSEY 2. ABOUT THE TROJAN WARS 3. ILIAD - DESCRIBES EVENTS OF 10 YEAR TROJAN WAR

77. …HOMER 4. ODYSSEY - DESCRIBES TEN YEAR JOURNEY HOME OF KING ODYSSEUS

79. GREEK LOCATIONS 1. TROY 2. AEGEAN SEA 3. BLACK SEA 4. DARDENELLES 5. BALKAN (GREEK) PENINSULA 6. ANATOLIA PENINSULA 7. WESTERN EUROPE