1. Past Simple tense
How to form a Past Simple Tense
S + V2
Most past tense verbs end in –ed
Irregular verb have special past tense forms which must be memorized

2. Use the Past Simple to describe action and situations started and finished at a specific time in the past.
The sentence often contains an adverb or adverb phrase of time, such as
- yesterday, the other day,
- last night, last week,
- three days ago, a few minutes ago, etc

3. Example : Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.
Did you have dinner last night?
She washed her car yesterday.

4. used to describe a habit which stopped in the past. 
Example :
1.When she was young, she danced beautifully.
2. He played the violin when he was a child.
3. We often went there.

5. Past Continuous Tense How to form a Past Continuous Tense
S + was/were + V.ing

6. used for a continuous action happening at some time in the past.
Past Continuous Tense
used for a continuous action happening at some time in the past.
Example :
At this time last week I was lying on the beach in Florida.
At 10 o’clock my friend was doing his homework.
Yesterday morning I was enjoying the weather.

7. Use for a continuous action in the past which is interrupted by another action or a time :
Example :
When I got home yesterday, a cat was sitting on the roof.
How fast was she driving when she had the accident?
The boy was standing on the table when the principal came into the room.

8. Past Perfect Tense
How to form a Past Perfect Tense
S + had + V3

9. -->> เกิดก่อนใช้ past perfect
Past Perfect Tense
Use to describe an action that took place
in the past before another past action
(ใช้กับเหตุการณ์ 2 เหตุการณ์ที่เกิดขึ้นและสิ้นสุดลงแล้วในอดีต เหตุการณ์หนึ่งเกิดก่อนอีกเหตุการณ์หนึ่ง มักมีคำเชื่อม when, before, until, after)
-->> เกิดก่อนใช้ past perfect
-->> เกิดทีหลังใช้ past simple

10. Example
I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Phuket.
Had Susan ever studied Thai before she moved to Thailand?
I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet.

11. Past Perfect Continuous
How to form a Past Perfect Continuous
S + had been + V. ing

12. Past Perfect Continuous
describe a past, ongoing action that was completed before some other past action
"For five minutes" and "for two weeks" are both durations which can be used with the Past Perfect Continuous.

13. Example :
How long had you been waiting to get on the bus?
James had been teaching at the university for more than a year before he left for Asia.
You had been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived.

14. Past Perfect Continuous
( had+V3)
Past Perfect Continuous
(had been +Ving)
บอกการกระทำอย่างน้อย 2 เหตุการณ์ในอดีตโดยมีการลำดับเหตุการณ์
-เกิดก่อนใช้ Past Perfect
-เกิดทีหลังใช้ Past Simple
มักมีคำเชื่อม before, after, when, untill
บอกการกระทำอย่างน้อย 2 เหตุการณ์ในอดีตโดยมีการเรียงลำดับเหตุการณ์ และมีการบอกระยะเวลาของเหตุการณ์ที่เกิดก่อนด้วย

15. ความแตกต่าง : Tense ที่ลงท้ายด้วยPerfect Continuousมักจะเป็นTense ที่ใช้บอกระยะเวลาของสิ่งที่ทำมานานเท่าไหร่แล้ว เช่นเดียวกับ Past Perfect Continuous ก็ใช้บอกระยะเวลาของสิ่งที่ทำ แต่จะแตกต่างจาก Past Perfect ตรงที่ Past Perfect Continuous ไม่ได้เป็นแค่การบอกว่าทำอะไรก่อน อะไรหลังเฉยๆแต่ต้องระบุเวลาด้วยว่าเหตุการณ์ที่เกิดก่อนนั้น ทำมานานแค่ไหนแล้วก่อนที่จะทำอีกเหตุการณ์หนึ่ง
EX. We had studied at SHC high school before we moved to Chomsurang.
EX. We had been studing at SHC high school for 5 years before we moved to Chomsurang.

16. Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
James had taught at the university for more than a year before he left for Asia.
- Mary had slept in the room for three hours when I arrived home.
James had been teaching at the university for more than a year before he left for Asia.
-Mary had been sleeping in the room for three hours when I arrived home.

17. Past Perfect / Past Perfect Continuous
I'm sorry I left without you last night, but I told you to meet me early because the show started at 8:00. I (try)_______  to get tickets for that play for months, and I didn't want to miss it. By the time I finally left the coffee shop where we were supposed to meet, I (have)______  five cups of coffee and I (wait)_______  over an hour. I had to leave because I (arrange)______  to meet Kathy in front of the theater.

18. I'm sorry I left without you last night, but I told you to meet me early because the show started at 8:00. I (try) had been trying to get tickets for that play for months, and I didn't want to miss it. By the time I finally left the coffee shop where we were supposed to meet, I (have) had had five cups of coffee and I (wait) had been waiting over an hour. I had to leave because I (arrange) had arranged to meet Kathy in front of the theater.

19. Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past or Past Continuous).
1.While Tom (read)_____ , Amely (watch) ______ a documentary on TV.
2.Nobody (listen)______  while the teacher (explain)______  the tenses.
3.While we (do) ________ a sight-seeing tour, our friends (lie) ______ on the beach.
4. When Mike and Jane (paint)_________ the walls, their dog (knock) ______over the paint pot.
5. He (pass) ______ her a message when the teacher (look / not) _____.

20. 6.We (wait)___________for Jane, when suddenly Louis (come)__________ around the corner.
7.It (start)__________ to rain while she (water)________ the flowers in her garden.
8.Tom (break)________his leg when he (play) football.
9.I (feel)__________ asleep while I (watch)_______ TV last night.
10.The students (play)________cards when the teacher come) in.

21. Present Perfect
How to form a Present Perfect
S + has/have + V.3

22. Present Perfect
Use to describes an action that are completed in the past when the time is not important and continues in the present

23. There have been many earthquakes in California.
People have traveled to the Moon.
Have you read the book yet?
I have here since 1989.

24. action that are completed in the past when the time is not important
There have been many earthquakes in California.
People have traveled to the Moon.

25. action that are completed in the past and continued in the present
- I have lived in Bangkok since 1989.
(Now I am living in Bangkok.)
- She has studied medicine for 5 years.
(Now she is studying it.)
We also use the Present Perfect with since, for, just, yet, already
- I have just finished my homework.
- She has already read this book.

26. for mention period of time (from start to end) >===<
since mention point of time (up to now) x===>|
for 20 minutes for three days for 6 months for 4 years for 2 centuries for a long time for ever etc
since 9am since Monday since January since 1997 since I left school since he arrived etc
all tenses
perfect tenses only

27. FOR to mention a period of time.
SINCE mention point of time
(continues to now).
I have been a doctor for fifteen years. (duration = 15 years)
I have been a doctor since (starting point = 1994)
She has been a mother for six months.
She has been pregnant since her first child was born.
My sister has lived in Frankfurt for nine months.
My sister has lived in Frankfurt since the beginning of March.

28. Present Perfect Continuous
How to form a Present Perfect Continuous
S + has/have been + V.ing

29. Present Perfect Continuous
Use to describes an action that began in the past, continues in the present, and may continues into future
"For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since Tuesday" are all durations which can be used with the Present Perfect Continuous.

30. She has been watching too much television.
We have been waiting here for over two hours!
Why has Nancy not been taking her medicine for the last three days?

31. An action that has just stopped or recently stopped (มักเห็นผลของการกระทำ)
He has been drinking and can’t walk straight.
I'm tired because I have been running.
- What have been eating? Your lips and chin are purple.

32. Present Perfect and Past Simple
Actions that started in the past and continue to the present
I have known Tina for ten years.
(Now I still know her).
Finished actions
I knew Julie for ten years.
(but then she moved away and we lost touch).

33. Present Perfect and Past Simple
1.Last night I_________________(lose) my keys – I had to call my flat mate to let me in.
2.I____________ (lose) my keys - can you help me look for them?
3.I_________________ (visit) Paris three times.
4.Last year I____________________ (visit) Paris.
5.I____________________ (know) my great grandmother for a few years - she died when I was eight.
6.I__________________ (know) Julie for three years - we still meet once a month.
7.I___________________ (play) Hockey since I was a child - I'm pretty good!.
8. She____________ (play) hockey at school but she didn't like it.
9.Sorry, I___________ (miss) the bus - I'm going to be late.
10.I'm sorry, John isn't here now. He_____________ (go) to the shops.

34. Present Perfect and Past Simple
1.Last night I______lost___________(lose) my keys – I had to call my flat mate to let me in.
2.I_______'ve lost_____ (lose) my keys - can you help me look for them?
3.I_________'ve visited________ (visit) Paris three times.
4.Last year I______________visited______ (visit) Paris.
5.I___________knew_________ (know) my great grandmother for a few years - she died when I was eight..
6.I_______'ve known___________ (know) Julie for three years - we still meet once a month..
7.I_______'ve played____________ (play) Hockey since I was a child - I'm pretty good!.
8. She_______played_____ (play) hockey at school but she didn't like it.
9.Sorry, I_____'ve missed______ (miss) the bus - I'm going to be late.
10.I'm sorry, John isn't here now. He_______'s gone______ (go) to the shops.

35. I __________(tidy up) the shed in the garden.
Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous.
I call_______for you for half an hour.Where________  ? And why are your clothes so dirty?
I __________(tidy  up) the shed in the garden.
___________find a box with old photos there? I ________(look) for it for ages
I _________ (not discover) it yet, but I have not been working for a long time yet. I _______(come ) in to eat something.
I _______(cooked) anything yet because _______(talking ) to our neighbour.

36. I have been tidying up the shed in the garden.
I have been calling for you for half an hour. Where have you been  ? And why are your clothes so dirty?
I have been tidying  up the shed in the garden.
Have you found a box with old photos there? I have been looking  for it for ages
I have not discovered it yet, but I have not been working for a long time yet. I have just come  in to eat something.
I have not cooked anything yet because I have been talking  to our neighbour.