1. Periodic Table Periodicity - recurrence at regular intervals. Dmitri Medeleev 1834-1907

2. Periodic Table Dmitri Medeleev 1834-1907 It helped predict properties of the missing elements It showed there were missing elements There’s a repeating pattern of properties when the elements are put in order of atomic mass

3. Periodic Trends Trends within the Periodic Table of Elements Atomic Radii Electronegativity Ionization Energy Density

4. Periodic Trends Trends within the Periodic Table of Elements Atomic Radii – Size of the atom (e - cloud) Electronegativity – Strength of attracting e - (similar to electron affinity) Ionization Energy – Energy required to remove e - Density – How much mass per volume

5. Atomic radii in picometers (10 -12 m)

9. 37

10. 50

11. 37 50 140

12. 37 50 140 90

13. 37 50 140 90 80

14. 37 50 140 90 80 77

15. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71

16. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66

17. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64

18. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70

19. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157

20. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136

21. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143

22. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118

23. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109

24. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103

25. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103 91

26. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103 91 94

27. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103 91 94 196

28. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103 91 94 196 174

29. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103 91 94 196 174

30. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103 91 94 196 174

31. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103 91 94 196 174

32. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103 91 94 196 174

33. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103 91 94 196 174

34. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103 91 94 196 174

35. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103 91 94 196 174

36. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103 91 94 196 174

37. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103 91 94 196 174

38. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103 91 94 196 174

39. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103 91 94 196 174

40. 37 50 140 90 80 77 71 66 64 70 157 136143 118109 103 91 94 196 174

42. Atomic Radii - Basic Trend: Larger

45. Electronegativity – The ability of an atom to attract electrons.

46. Electronegativity - Basic Trend: Larger Electron Affinity – is similar to electronegativity

47. Ionization Energy – The energy required to remove an electron. First Ionization Energy – The energy required to remove the first electron from a neutral atom. Second Ionization Energy – The energy required to remove the second electron from an atom after its first electron is removed. Third Ionization Energy – The energy required to remove the third electron from an atom...

48. Relative Trend in FIRST Ionization Energies

49. Ionization Energy - Basic Trend: Larger

50. Successive Ionization Energies It ALWAYS gets harder to remove the next electron! There is a tremendous jump in difficulty when the electronic structure is a Noble Gas core!

51. Density Trend Density = Mass Volume Fun Density Facts: One cm 3 of water has a mass of… - 1.0 grams One cm 3 of gold has a mass of… - 19.3 grams One cm 3 of lead has a mass of… - 11.3 grams 1 cm 3 = about the volume of

52. Density vs Atomic Number

53. Density - Basic Trend: Increase

54. Atomic Radii – Increases down and left. Electronegativity – Increases up and right (H=C) Ionization Energy (First) – Increases up and right. Density – Increases down and to the middle. Review of Trends