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Published byRandolf Hodge Modified over 9 years ago
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Physics The Study of Energy Chapter 12 What is Motion?
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What is your frame of reference? When describing something as moving, you must compare it to something that is assumed to be stationary.
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The frame of reference can change depending on what is being compared The most common frame of reference is the earth
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What is motion? What is speed?
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Motion = change in position in a certain amount of time Speed = the rate at which something moves
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Formula for calculating speed: speed = distance time
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Constant speed - speed remains the same over the entire distance Average speed = total distance total time Average speed – speed varies over the entire distance
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What is Velocity? direction Speed in a given direction Velocities may be given as E 5 m/sec E up 15 Km/hr up circular 10 m/min circular Velocities may be combined
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If both velocities are going in the same direction, then add velocities If velocities are going in opposite directions, then subtract 10 m/s E5 m/s E = 15 m/s E 10 m/s E 5 m/s W = 5 m/s E
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When rockets are launched, they are fired in the direction that the earth rotates; thereby gaining an additional thrust of 1800 km/hr (which is the speed that the earth rotates)
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Acceleration Change in velocity acceleration = final velocity - original velocity time If answer is a negative number, then the change is called deceleration units expressed as velocity/time ex. m/s/s
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Circular Motion When an object is traveling in a circular motion, it is constantly accelerating because its velocity (speed and/or direction) is constantly changing
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Momentum the tendency of an object to maintain its motion Depends on the mass of the object and the velocity with which is is traveling momentum = mass X velocity
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Conservation of Momentum Total momentum of any group of objects remains the same unless outside forces act on the objects
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