1. False asymmetries/Ground Loops David Bowman 4/27/12

2. Why do we need a filter? The signal consists of a large number of pulses with widths of ~ 2 micro second We sample at ~ 20 micro sec intervals (50 KHz rate) It is necessary to form a time average of the signal to avoid loss of information because if the pulse width is less than the sampling interval, some pulsed don’t contribute

3. Time response of different filters Time The desirable feature of the Bessel filter is that the time response does not have oscillations.

4. Signal flow Detector, preamp TRIUMF adjustable gain module Sum and difference and filter Amplifier – Ring sums and detector differences VME 3 – ADC of Ring Sums, spin state and monitors VME2 – ADC of detector differences Different components are located in different crates and racks. – Communication by ground loops – Communication within Sum, Difference, and Filter box via ground loops and stray capicatance

5. Ground loops If the loop is defined by conductors, E appears across the largest resistance

6. Reconfigure analog signal processing chain Eliminate TRIUMF gain box, Sum and difference box, Ring sums Build new Bessel filter box with (gain of 3 -> gain of 6) connected to detector signals by twinex (shielded twisted pair) and connected to ADC’s in VME2 by twinex.

7. Least bit ADC noise –staircase problem  is bin width,  is RMS noise on analog signal. If  is ~.5 , average ADC signal ~ input signal It is possible to achieve 6 V detector signal, and  ~.5 