1. Topic Physical and Chemical Weathering

2. Weathering vs. Erosion Weathering--Erosion--

4. Physical (Mechanical) Weathering --

5. 1) Frost Action ---- Temperature drops below freezing Expanding ice causes crack to become larger

6. Frost Action

7. Frost Action Causes Roadway Potholes No, it’s the L.I.E.

8. Potholes& Frost Heaves

9. 2) Organic Activity: --

10. Plant roots create a channel for air and water to go into the rock

11. Niagara Glen, Niagara-on- the-Lake, Ontario, Canada Root Action Burns 2007

12. -- 3) Exfoliation: --

13. Exfoliation caused by: Thermal expansion –-- –Very common in arid areas like Southwest U.S.

14. Geology 211, Physical Geology, ©, 2002, Ron Parker Thermal Expansion

15. Physical changes in sediments - Abrasion:--

16. Formed by water abrasion

17. Formed by wind abrasion

18. Final Question: Name a location on Earth that has a considerable amount of frost action.

19. Topic: Chemical Weathering

20. Chemical Weathering --

21. **--**

22. Solution - -- Ex) Salt dissolving in water Soluble – -- Ex) Salt is soluble in water

23. Powerful Solutions: Acid Rain H 2 O (rain) + CO 2 (carbon dioxide) = H 2 CO 3 (carbonic acid) Result: *--

24. The details of marble statues and tombstones will be gradually worn away by dissolution. Image courtesy of Dr. Annabelle Foos.

25. Karsts Topography – forms caves, caverns, and sinkholes

27. Stalagmites Stalactites

28. The Witch's Finger, a stalagmite in the Carlsbad Caverns, NM NPS photo by Peter Jones

29. Do you see the person in this picture?

31. Sinkhole Formation

32. Sinkhole—Winter Park, FL

33. Sinkhole at Winter Park, FloridaSinkhole at Winter Park, Florida (1981) that formed catastrophically in the time span of one day. The city of Winter Park stabilized and sealed the sinkhole, converting it into an urban lake. formed catastrophically

35. 2) Create Plant Acid -- => --

36. --

37. Hydration => --

38. Oxidation – -- Ex) Iron + Oxygen = Iron Oxide (rust)

39. Rust – Oxidation of Iron

40. Oxidation of Copper

41. FQ: What rock dissolves to form stalactites in a cave?