1. 1 Quantitative variability of the copepod assemblages in the northern Adriatic Sea from 1993 to 1997 在 1993~1997 年間北亞德里亞海橈足類群聚數量的變動 Frano Kršinićª, * ， Dubravka Bojanić b ， Robert Precali c ， Robert Kraus c Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science(2007),74:528-538 Reporter: Meng-Yau Li

2. 2 Introduction The western part of this area is higher productivity than eastern. Comparison of these result,total copepod population and phytoplankton blooms in past and present.

3. 3

4. 4 Micro-phytoplankton (cells >20μm) Calanoida 哲水蚤 Oithonids 長腹劍水蚤 Oncaeid 大眼劍水蚤 Nauplii 橈足類幼生 Ciliate 纖毛蟲 Nano-phytoplankton (cells 2-20μm) Tintinnid 水母類

5. 5 Objective Two characteristic stations in the northern Adriatic Sea between 1993 and 1997. It determine the quantitative aspect of the population structure ， seasonal abundance and vertical variability of all copepod assemblages. Significantly influence changes in the ecosystem of this sensitive region.

6. 6 Materials and methods Vessel : Vila Velebita,43 Cruises Station: SJ107Eastern and SJ108Western Period : January 1993 to October 1997 Depth : 0.5m 、 10m 、 20m and near bottom

7. 7 Fig.1. Map of the northern Adriatic Sea with location of sampling stations.

8. 8 Choice station region CTD bongo net sample

9. 9 Choice station region CTD bongo net sample Conductivity Temperature Depth Recorder

10. 10 Choice station region CTD bongo net sample

11. 11 Choice station region CTD bongo net sampling 2.5 ﹪ formaldehyde 2 ﹪ lugol’s solution

12. 12 Multivariate analysis (perform) multi-dimensional Scaling (MDS) Bray-Curtis similarity (classification) Similarity percentage Analysis (SIMPER) Log(n+1)

13. 13 Result

14. 14 Result 2.Phytoplankton1.Hydrography 3.Ciliated protozoans Abundance and variable 4.Copepod assemblages Oithonid and Oncaeid calanoidaNuplii Predominance and Significant species

15. 15 Result 2.Phytoplankton1.Hydrography 3.Ciliated protozoans Abundance and variable 4.Copepod assemblages Oithonid and Oncaeid calanoidaNuplii Predominance and Significant species

16. 16 1. Hydrography 1. tMin(7.40 ℃ ),tMax(29.83 ℃ ) ； sMin(21),sMax(38.77) 2. tMax(29.83 ℃ ) and sMin(21) in SJ108 3.But, sMax(38.77) in SJ107 Southern current 1.Pronunced saltier and warmer water intrusion area. 2.Lack of circulation.

17. 17 Result 2.Phytoplankton1.Hydrography 3.Ciliated protozoans Abundance and variable 4.Copepod assemblages Oithonid and Oncaeid calanoidaNuplii Predominance and Significant species

18. 18 2.Phytoplankton ---- compare SJ107E and SJ108W abundance a. 40-70 ％ b. 10-30 ％

19. 19 Result 2.Phytoplankton1.Hydrography 3.Ciliated protozoans Abundance and variable 4.Copepod assemblages Oithonid and Oncaeid calanoidaNuplii Predominance and Significant species

20. 20 3.Ciliated protozoans 2. Max SJ108W1. Max SJ107E Min SJ107E 3. Max SJ108 Tintinnopsis minuta =97%

21. 21 Result 2.Phytoplankton1.Hydrography 3.Ciliated protozoans Abundance and variable 4.Copepod assemblages Oithonid and Oncaeid calanoidaNuplii Predominance and Significant species

22. 22 4.Copepod assemblages-Nauplii 2. MaxD,20m1.MaxD,10m 3.SJ107E 10m and SJ108W MinD at the same time

23. 23 Nauplii total number of copepods YearStation Percentage (%) 1995SJ10767 1996SJ10755-67 1997SJ10784 1993SJ10874 1994~1995SJ10863 1997SJ10880

24. 24 Result 2.Phytoplankton1.Hydrography 3.Ciliated protozoans Abundance and variable 4.Copepod assemblages Oithonid and Oncaeid calanoidaNuplii Predominance and Significant species

25. 25 4. Copepod assemblages- Calanoida 3.SJ108W33-50% >SJ107E 2.June to August 1.Surface 10m, Population Variation SJ107E SJ108W

26. 26 Predominance species August- Paracalanus parvus ( 小擬哲水蚤 ) November- Acartia clausi ( 刺尾紡錘水蚤 ) Average18~38%

27. 27 Si gnificant species Ctenocalanus vanus Temora longicornis( 寬水蚤 ) Centropages typicus( 刺水蚤 )

28. 28 Result 2.Phytoplankton1.Hydrography 3.Ciliated protozoans Abundance and variable 4.Copepod assemblages Oithonid and Oncaeid calanoidaNuplii Predominance and Significant species

29. 29 4.Copepod assemblages-Oithnid 1.SJ108W>SJ107E 3.1993 and 1994,50-64 ％ 2.MaxD,10m-20m 4.Oithona nana and oithona similis,20-47% SJ107E SJ108W

30. 30 4. Copepod assemblages-Oncaeids 1.Max value Autumn/Winter, except summer of 1997 24-40% 18-53% SJ107E SJ108W 2. 20m,1994Dec. SJ108W-Oncaea waldemari 1997Sep. SJ108W-Monothula subtilis bottom,Oncaea media and Oncaea zernovi

31. 31

32. 32 Statistical analysis SJ107 E 1.In 1994 and 1995, Non-loricates( 無甲殼 類 ) from group C was high value. 2.Oncaeid( 大眼劍水蚤 ) from group A2 at 1993.1994.1995 3.Nuplii( 橈足類幼生 ) and Tintinnid( 水母類 ) belong group B 4.Group D was Tintinnids in 1997.

33. 33 SJ108 W 1. Oncaeid ( 大眼劍水蚤 ) from group A2 at 1994 and 1995. 2. In 1994 and 1995, Nuaplii ( 橈足類幼生 ) from group C was high value.

34. 34 Use SIMPER Analysis Species group variable Percentage ( ％ ) Nauplii33 Oncaeids24.3 Oithonids22.9 Calanoids19.8

35. 35 Fig.7. Average Max value SJ108 ； 5.8×10 6 Average Max value SJ107 ； 5.2×10 6

36. 36 1.Mainly depth 10-20m. 2.Seasonal influence category abundance and Correlation coefficient is positive. 3.Interspecific Correlation.

37. 37 Conclusion The structure and variability of major group of copepod population in northern Adriatic. Complex processes and regulation of phytoplankton production levels during the warmer months. Combine all methods in determine patterns in vertical distributeions,and during the stratification period.

38. 38 The End~ Thank you !!