1. Periodic Table Science 10 Chemical Reactions G.Burgess2006

2. Introduction The basis for the contemporary periodic table was developed by Dimitri Mendeleyev in 1869. The basis for the contemporary periodic table was developed by Dimitri Mendeleyev in 1869. Dimitri Mendeleyev was a Russian Scientist working at ST.Petersburg. Dimitri Mendeleyev was a Russian Scientist working at ST.Petersburg. He also wrote Principles of Chemisrty He also wrote Principles of Chemisrty

3. Periodic Table Examples of online periodic tables; Examples of online periodic tables; 1. http://www.dayah.com/periodic/ http://www.dayah.com/periodic/ 2. http://www.webelements.com/ http://www.webelements.com/ 3. Touchspin Interactive Periodic Table Touchspin Interactive Periodic Table Touchspin Interactive Periodic Table 4. Visual Elements Periodic Table Visual Elements Periodic Table Visual Elements Periodic Table 5. Tabella Periodica degli elementi Tabella Periodica degli elementi Tabella Periodica degli elementi Click to go to Chem4Kids

4. Periodic Table The table is broken into groups, periods, and series. The table is broken into groups, periods, and series. Periods: all elements in a period (row) have the same number of orbitals Periods: all elements in a period (row) have the same number of orbitals IE.H and He both have one orbital IE.H and He both have one orbital K and Cu both have four orbitals Groups: atoms in the same group (column) have the same number of electrons in their outer orbital Groups: atoms in the same group (column) have the same number of electrons in their outer orbital IE.H and Fr both have 1 electron in their outer orbital IE.H and Fr both have 1 electron in their outer orbital B and In both have 3 electrons in their outer orbital

5. Elemental Families Halogens: all elements in the 17 th group Halogens: all elements in the 17 th group Metals: all elements from Li to Fr across to the zig-zag line. Metals: all elements from Li to Fr across to the zig-zag line. Transition metals: from Sc to Cu and Y to Ag. The lanthanide and actinide series are also transition metals.These elements are able to put more than 8 electrons in their outer shell. Transition metals: from Sc to Cu and Y to Ag. The lanthanide and actinide series are also transition metals.These elements are able to put more than 8 electrons in their outer shell.

6. Elemental Families Alkali metals: this is the name of all elements in the first group except H. These are the most reactive metals. Alkali metals: this is the name of all elements in the first group except H. These are the most reactive metals. Alkaline Earth metals: are all elements in the second group. These are the second most reactive metals. Alkaline Earth metals: are all elements in the second group. These are the second most reactive metals. Inert Gases: AKA Nobel gases, are all elements in group 18. They all have complete outer shells and so do not react with other materials. Inert Gases: AKA Nobel gases, are all elements in group 18. They all have complete outer shells and so do not react with other materials.

7. Elemental Families Lanthanide Series: includes all rare Earth metals from La to Yb. Lanthanide Series: includes all rare Earth metals from La to Yb. Actinide Series: includes all elements from Ac to No. they are all radioactive. Actinide Series: includes all elements from Ac to No. they are all radioactive.

8. Bohr model Electrons travel around atoms in orbits Electrons travel around atoms in orbits Electrons in different orbits have different energy levels. Electrons in different orbits have different energy levels. Shells are numbered from the nucleus Shells are numbered from the nucleus Each shell can hold a maximum of 2n 2 electrons (n is the number of the shell) Each shell can hold a maximum of 2n 2 electrons (n is the number of the shell) Ie shell 1: 2(1) 2 =2 so the first shell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. Ie shell 1: 2(1) 2 =2 so the first shell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons.

9. Bohr Model Shell Number Maximum number of electrons 12 28 318 432 **Atoms generally prefer 8 electrons in the outer shell. This is called the octet rule.

10. Valence Electrons These are electrons in the outer shell that the atom either donates or takes away from another element. These are electrons in the outer shell that the atom either donates or takes away from another element. IE. Na has 1 electron in its outer shell and prefers to donate this electron to other elements making ionic bonds. IE. Na has 1 electron in its outer shell and prefers to donate this electron to other elements making ionic bonds.