1. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) CEE 320 Steve Muench

2. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Outline Need for traffic solutions Possible solutions Intelligent Transportation Systems

3. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Road Use Growth From the Bureau of Transportation Statistics, National Transportation Statistics 2003

4. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Changes in Congested Peak-Period Travel

5. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Problems Caused by Congestion Increased… –Travel time –Travel cost –Air pollution –Accident risk

6. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Options Construct new roads –Covered in geometric design –Not likely to happen on a large scale Reduce Traffic –Travel demand management –Alternative transportation Increase existing infrastructure capacity –Uses intelligent transportation systems (ITS)

7. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Construction Is Part of the Solution

8. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Option 1: Construction Highway Construction Cost Sampling ProjectTotal CostLane-Miles Cost per Lane-Mile Route 3, North Boston$395.0 million42$9.4 million I-4 Tampa to Orlando$403.0 million73$5.5 million I-5 Oregon $30.0 million5.16$5.8 million US 26 Sunset Hwy. Oregon$10.6 million2.24$4.8 million US 12 near Walla Walla River$36.4 million25$1.5 million US 101 on Olympic Peninsula$1.8 million0.8$2.2 million General Conclusion Highways cost $1 to $10 million per lane-mile to build

9. San Francisco’s Embarcadero Freeway: Removed 1991

10. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Option 2: Alternative Transport But significant new rail capacity will face the same hurdles as new highway capacity.

11. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Sounder Commuter Rail Tacoma-Seattle –Began 2000 –4 trips each way daily Everett-Seattle –Began 2003 –2 trips each way daily New Slide

12. CEE 320 Spring 2007 New Slide

13. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Seattle-Everett Interurban Railway Co. (1907) Asahel Curtis Photo Company Collection, University of Washington Digital Collection New Slide

14. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Sounder vs. Interurban SounderInterurban Tacoma service2000 – present1902 – 1928 Everett service2003 – present1910 – 1939 One-way trip time52 – 58 minutes70 – 100 minutes Daily departures from Seattle637 Number of stops930 Top speed80 mph60 mph One-way fare$3.00-$4.00$0.60 inflation adjusted: $12.00 Hauled freight?NoYes OwnerSound TransitPuget Sound Energy New Slide

15. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Option 2: Alternative Transport SkyTran: Personal MagLev Transporter

16. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Option 3: Increase Existing Infrastructure Capacity An alternative to expensive new highway construction is the implementation of strategies that promote more efficient utilization of transportation infrastructures. These strategies are known as the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), which aims to reduce travel time, ease delay and congestion, improve safety, and reduce pollutant emissions

17. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Highway Capacity Full Capacity How Much Capacity Is There?

18. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Incidents: more delay is caused by incidents than by recurring peak period congestion. Highway Capacity Remaining Effective Capacity How Much Capacity Is There? Incidents can comprise 50% of peak period congestion. 1 min delay in clearance = 4 to 5 min of traffic backup.

19. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Work zones: major cost is delay imparted to the traveler Incidents: more delay is caused by incidents than by recurring peak period congestion. Highway Capacity Remaining Effective Capacity How Much Capacity Is There? Caltrans reports 20% of freeway centerline miles are under construction.

20. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Work zones: major cost is delay imparted to the traveler Incidents: more delay is caused by incidents than by recurring peak period congestion. Highway Capacity Remaining Effective Capacity How Much Capacity Is There? Weather: Snow, fog, rain can all restrict capacity 75% of NHS is subject to snow & 100% is subject to rain.

21. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Work zones: major cost is delay imparted to the traveler Incidents: more delay is caused by incidents than by recurring peak period congestion. Highway Capacity Remaining Effective Capacity How Much Capacity Is There? Weather: Snow, fog, rain can all restrict capacity Special events and disasters further restrict capacity Periodic events can cause further restrict capacity.

22. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Work zones: major cost is delay imparted to the traveler Incidents: more delay is caused by incidents than by recurring peak period congestion. Highway Capacity Remaining Effective Capacity How Much Capacity Is There? Weather: Snow, fog, rain can all restrict capacity Special events and disasters further restrict capacity

23. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Highway Capacity Remaining Effective Capacity How Much Capacity Is There? ITS

24. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Five Primary Functional Areas of ITS Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS) Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO) Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS) Advanced Vehicle Control Systems (AVCS)

25. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Advanced Traffic Management Systems Photo from the Human-Computer Interaction Lab: University of Maryland

26. CEE 320 Spring 2007 WSDOT Traffic Systems Management Center

27. CEE 320 Spring 2007 WSDOT Traffic Systems Management Center

28. CEE 320 Spring 2007 WSDOT Traffic Systems Management Center

29. CEE 320 Spring 2007 ATMS: Snoqualmie Pass

30. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Advanced Traveler Information Systems

31. CEE 320 Spring 2007 ATIS: trafficgauge

32. http://www.trafficgauge.com/index.html

33. CEE 320 Spring 2007 WAP Traffic www.wiresoft.net/traffic/seattle

34. CEE 320 Spring 2007 ATIS: Traffic Cameras

35. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Commercial Vehicle Operations Apply, pay for and receive permits, registrations, and licenses electronically Share of common trucking data across agencies Exchange information electronically with roadside enforcement personnel Electronic “screening” of trucks for safety or other regulatory violations Share information across state lines and with Federal information systems

36. CEE 320 Spring 2007 CVO: Weigh-In-Motion System

37. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Advanced Public Transportation Systems

38. CEE 320 Spring 2007 An Example of APTS http://busview.its.washington.edu/busview_launch.jsp?maps=gif

39. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Seattle Bus Monster http://www.busmonster.com

40. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Seattle Bus Monster

41. CEE 320 Spring 2007 APTS: Bus Signal Priority

42. CEE 320 Spring 2007 Advanced Vehicle Control Systems Intelligent Cruise Control (ICC) System Lexus LS430/460, ES-350 Benz S-Class, E55, AMG, CLS, SL, CL Acura RL Audi A6, A8, Q7 Cadillac DTS, STS, XLR Honda Legend Infinity M, Q45 Jaguar XK-R BMW 3, 5, 7 Series Nisan Primera Range Rover Sport Toyota Sienna XLE, Avalon Volkswagon Phaeton, Passat Renault Vel Satis Volvo S80 New Slide

43. CEE 320 Spring 2007 VW and Google Earth

44. CEE 320 Spring 2007

45. Windows Live Local Street Level