2. The vertebrate story…

7. Agnatha Extinct: * *Mostly small fish 2cm (some up to 2m) * *4 openings on dorsal surface of head * http://universe-review.ca/I10-27-jawlessfish.jpg

8. Agnatha Extant: ______ and ________ * *Hagfish are … *Most Lamprey are… http://www.exploretheabyss.com/photo/gallery/gallery/ ds_trawl/images/HagfishLR.jpg http://www.nwrc.usgs.gov/world/images/lamprey.jpg http://www.glaucus.org.uk/sea-lamprey-sucker-RL.jpg

9. Gnathostomes 3 groups appeared in the Paleozoic: 1) ___________ (ex. Arthrodires) had large boney plates and paired fins http://www.noaca.org/earlgeo.gif http://www.cnrs.fr/cw/dossiers/dosevol/imgArt/dioram/PaleozoDevon /Zimg/dicksonosteus.jpg

10. Gnathostomes 3 groups appeared in the Paleozoic: 2) __________________ (cartilagenous fishes) *Includes … * http://www.lifeglobe.com/images/product/Shark s/sharks04_r2_c2.jpg http://www.pangaeadesigns.com/_graphics/page /fish/large/ratfish.jpg

11. Gnathostomes 3 groups appeared in the Paleozoic: 3) ___________________ (spiny and bony fishes) * ______________s are (spiny fishes) are extinct *Had skeleton of bone and cartilage *Had … http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/imag es/R-acanthodians.gif

12. Osteichthyans Shared ancestors with tetrapods * Paired fins… either ray finned (_____________) or fleshy finned (___________) http://www.paleodirect.org/fg009.htm

13. Actinopterygii Basal groups include … http://www.hellscanyonsportfishing.com/images/sturgeon%20pictures/Kevin %20&%20Sturgeon%202.jpg http://www.digimorph.org/specimens/Polypterus_senegalus/whole/specimen.jpg

14. Actinopterygii Advanced groups include … http://www.sdafs.org/laafs/Amazing%20Fish%20Pictures/Big%2 0Alligator%20Gar%2009-03.JPG

15. __________________ * 2 major clades: _________, extinct except “coelocanths” ___________ (and dipnoi) “lungfish” http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/16cm0 5/1116/34-14-Coelocanth.jpg http://www.bertsgeschiedenissite.nl/geschiedenis%20aarde/lun gfish.jpg

16. ______________ *Paraphyletic group… omitting amniote descendants *Extinct groups include Labrynthodonts (Ichthyostega) *Extant group (Lissamphibia) includes: ______ (caecilians) _________ (salamanders) __________ (frogs) http://news.siu.edu/news/May05/images/salamande r.jpg http://www.yesnet.yk.ca/schools/wes/webquests_themes/frog s_theme/frogs_K/frog_species/barred/images/barred_leaf_frog _jpg.jpg http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/science/media/Btai tanus-PC1b.jpg

17. Amniotes Group includes Reptiles and Synapsids __________ (paraphyletic) _________ (testudinea) “turtles” __________ “tuatara” __________ “lizards, snakes etc.” ____________ “crocodiles” etc. ____________ “birds”

18. Synapsids Amniotes with …

19. Mammalia _______________ (echidnas and platypus) _______________ (many forms, ex. kangaroos)

20. Mammalia ________________ (shrews, moles etc.)

21. Mammalia ______________ (sloths, anteaters and armadillos) _______________ (single species… aardvark)

22. Mammalia _____________ (single genus… Manis “pangolins”)

23. Mammalia _______________ (bats)

24. Mammalia _____________ (lemurs, monkeys, apes etc.

25. Mammalia ______________ (pikas, hares and rabbits)

26. Mammalia _________________ (largest mammalian order… rats etc.)

27. Mammalia _______________ (diverse group)

28. Mammalia _________________ (carnivores of the sea… seals etc.)

29. Mammalia _______________ (odd-toed ungulates… horses, tapirs, rhinos)

30. Mammalia ________________ (even-toed ungulates… sheep, deer, giraffes etc.)

31. Mammalia _______________ (similar to rodents and ungulates ex. rock hyrax)

32. Mammalia _______________ (elephants etc.)

33. Mammalia _______________ (manatees etc.)

34. Mammalia ____________ (whales and company)