1. 1 © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Course Number Presentation_ID Wireless Web Access Survey Report John Lautmann Uma Chandrasekar

2. 2 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Agenda Wireless Advantage Challenges in wireless implementation Wireless Web Architectures WAP I-Mode Comparison of WAP and I-Mode Wireless LAN Bluetooth

3. 3 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. potential benefits through more flexible, mobile and personal channels of communication. An opportunity to fundamentally transform customer relationships – Creative wireless solutions enable users to access information whenever and however they want. – Company can “push” data to customers in real- time “Any device, Anytime, anywhere” mantra Wireless Advantage

4. 4 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. On the equipment side – Less powerful CPUs – Less memory (ROM and RAM) – Restricted power consumption – Smaller displays – Different input devices (e.g., a phone keypad, voice input, etc.) Challenges in Wireless Implementation

5. 5 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. On the network side – Less bandwidth – More latency – Less connection stability – Less predictable availability Challenges in Wireless Implementation

6. 6 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Wireless Web Architectures Client Device Wireless Gateway Web Server Wireless Receiving Tower HTTP Tier 1 Tier 2 Tier 3 Browser Browser-based wireless architecture Advantages Fast time to market Simple development effort Works on all devices Disadvantages Unusable without network Poor usability Poor performance Poor battery life

7. 7 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Wireless Web Architectures Client Device Sync Server Web Server Wireless Receiving Tower Tier 1 Tier 2Tier 3 Thick client Thick Client Solutions Advantages Always available Good usability Good performance Good battery life Disadvantages Complex development effort Slow time to market Client software distribution/support Unavailable for cell phones Local data Sync Engine

8. 8 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Wireless Web Architectures Client Device AvantGo Server Web Server Wireless Receiving Tower Tier 1 Tier 2Tier 3 AvantGo client Hybrid Solutions Advantages Always available Fast time to market Good performance Simple development effort Disadvantages Very poor usability Client software distribution/support Unavailable for cell phones Local Content

9. 9 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. What is WAP? An open, global standard that empowers mobile users with wireless devices to easily access and interact with information and services instantly. A standard created by wireless and Internet companies around the world to make accessing the Internet as easy and convenient as using a cellular phone

10. 10 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. WAP – An extension of the Internet Model

11. 11 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. WAP Architecture

12. 12 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. WAP Offers Bearer Independence Allows Applications developed once to work across all networks -- today and tomorrow Protects the Carrier’s investment in wireless data as networks evolve Enables Mobile Device Manufacturers to use common code across product lines

13. 13 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. WAP Provides Device Independence Allows applications developed once to work across devices from small handsets to powerful PDAs Promotes consistent user experience across all of a carrier’s handset offerings Encourages wealth of applications for handset manufacturers that implement the standard

14. 14 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. WAP provides a “microbrowser” optimized for wireless devices Requiring minimal RAM, ROM, Display, CPU and keys Providing carriers with consistent service UI across devices Providing Internet compatibility Enabling wide array of available content and applications

15. 15 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Converging With An XML World WAP is already prepared for convergence Understanding the “module” effect Content availability increases because less code is needed to render sites properly instead of re-writing whole sites WAP complies with W3C’s recently approved XHTML standard

16. 16 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. So - Why WAP? An open industry-established world standard Based on Internet standards including XML and IP Committed to by handset manufacturers representing over 95% of the world market across all technologies Supported by network operators representing over 200 million subscribers

17. 17 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. WAP Benefits WAP delivers revenue opportunities for carriers WAP offers a broad market for developers WAP means increased sales for device, infrastructure and gateway manufacturers WAP means freedom to the end user

18. 18 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Location-based services Real-time traffic reporting Event/restaurant recommendation Highly customized ads Instant messaging-type “buddy” location Enterprise solutions Email access Database access A “global intranet” Information updates “pushed” to WAP devices WAP’s “Killer Apps”

19. 19 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Gaming, Gambling and Entertainment Online, real-time, multi-player games Downloadable horoscopes, cartoons, quotes, advice “M”-Commerce - Shopping on the go Instant comparison shopping Impulse buying Location-based special offers and sales Financial services Banking, Bill-paying, Stock trading, Funds transfers Travel services Schedules and rescheduling Reservations WAP’s “Killer Apps”

20. 20 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. I-Mode In addition to conventional voice communications, users can access a wide range of sites by simply pressing the i-mode key. The convenient and useful service lineup includes mobile banking and ticket reservations. I-mode employs packet data transmission (9600bps), so communications fees are charged by the amount of data transmitted/received rather than the amount of time online. i-mode is compatible with Internet e-mail and can also transfer mail between i-mode terminals.

21. 21 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. I-Mode Features

22. 22 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. I-Mode Features

23. 23 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. I-Mode Features

24. 24 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. I-Mode Features

25. 25 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. I-Mode Structure Connecting to sites, receiving messages and transmitting e-mail are done via the DoCoMo i-mode center.

26. 26 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Comparison I-Mode & WAP

27. 27 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Comparison I-Mode & WAP Comparison I-Mode & WAP

28. 28 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Comparison I-Mode & WAP Comparison I-Mode & WAP

29. 29 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Wireless Network Characteristics Low bandwidth / Wide coverage area CDPD High bandwidth / Short distances 802.11a / 802.11b Bluetooth Infrared

30. 30 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Infrared Lan interconnect Can use to sync handheld devices with Avantgo Use Microsoft ActiveSync to update handheld Can connect to internet at speeds of up to 4Mbps

31. 31 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Wireless Network Evolution GenerationWireless Technology 1GAMPS advanced mobile phone system 2GTDMA time division multiple access CDMA code division multiple access GSM global system for mobile comm. 2.5GEnhanced TDMA, CDMA, GSM 3GCdma2000 Qualcom W-CDMA wideband CDMA

32. 32 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Wireless Network Speed Comparison TechnologySpeed CDPD19.2 Kbps Infrared IRDA115 Kbps (1-4 Mbps extension) Bluetooth723 Kbps 802.11b11 Mbps 802.11a54 Mbps

33. 33 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Wireless Network Uses TechnologyFunction CDPD Short text bursts – stock quotes sports scores Infrared Device interconnect, data sync BluetoothDevice interconnect, voice 802.11bLan replacement, multimedia 802.11aHigh Speed Lan replacement

34. 34 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Summary of Wireless Networks

35. 35 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Wireless Network Security 802.11b Wired Equivalent Privacy Protect wireless data to an equivalent level of privacy of wired networks Uses 40, 64, 128 bit encryption WEP2 standard (802.11e) in progress

36. 36 Presentation_ID © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. Mobile IP enables Wireless Freedom Mobile IP provides users the freedom to roam beyond their home subnet while consistently maintaining their home IP address Enables sessions to be maintained in spite of physical movement between points of attachment to the Internet or other networks