1. Muscular System

2. Functions of the Muscular System
Move the body
Regulate materials moving within the body
Size of blood vessels
Pyloric valve in the stomach
Pupil of the eye
Move food through the digestive tract (smooth muscle)

3. MUSCLES ARE THE MAIN ORGAN OF THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM!
There are more than 600 skeletal muscles in the human body!

4. Voluntary Muscles
Muscles you can control
All skeletal muscles

5. Involuntary Muscles Muscles you do not consciously control
Cardiac Muscle
Muscles you do not consciously control
Smooth muscle in digestive system
Cardiac (heart muscle)
Pupil of the eyes (sphincter muscle)
Blood vessel walls
Smooth muscle

6. 3 TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE Made of 3 kinds of cells
INVOLUNTARY
VOLUNTARY
INVOLUNTARY

7. When skeletal muscles contract
Muscles move by contracting. This is the only movement they can make.
It takes two muscle groups to move a bone, one to contract and move the bone and another to contract and move the bone back to the original position
Contracted
Relaxed

8. When smooth muscles contract

9. Thought Question What are the organs of the muscular system?
The muscles
What are the three types of muscle cells?
Skeletal muscle or striated muscle
Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle

10. Skeletal muscle with striations – found in muscles that move bones
Cardiac Muscle – found in the heart
Smooth muscle- found in digestive tract and blood vessels

11. Thought Question What are the major muscle groups of the body?
Trapezoids
Deltoids
Pectorals
Biceps brachii
Triceps brachii
Abdominals
Latissimus dorsi
Gluteus maximus
Biceps femorus
Rectus femoris
Gastrocnemius

12. Thought Question
What cell organelle corresponds most closely to the muscular system?
The mitochondrion
It burns oxygen and glucose to make energy for the cell. Skeletal muscle cells have extra mitochondrion in them to help them burn more energy

13. Thought Question
How do the muscular and skeletal systems interact to apply forces?
When a muscle contracts, it pulls on the tendon at the end of the muscle which is attached to the bone.
The bone is moved like a lever
The opposing muscle group must then contract to apply the opposite force to move the bone back to the original position

15. Thought Question How can the force done by muscles be calculated?
The force applied by a muscle can be measured using instruments
Hand grips
Weights
Spring scales

16. Thought Question
How do the skeletal and muscular systems interact to transform energy both internally and externally?
Muscle cells burn glucose and oxygen to transform chemical energy to mechanical and heat energy
Mechanical force applied by muscles is transferred to bones as motion
Potential (chemical) to kinetic (mechanical) to kinetic (mechanical)

17. Which image shows a voluntary muscle?
Which images show involuntary muscles?
Which images show striated muscles?
Which type of muscles are involved in peristalsis?
Which type of muscle is associated with tendons?
Why do muscle cells have more mitochondrion than other types of cells? A B C

18. HERE’S A LITTLE SONG TO HELP YOU REMEMBER!