1. Secondary Data Analysis in Health Research March 17 th (Happy St-Pats!) Éric Thériault

2. Outline Secondary Data Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI) Differences between Franophones and Anglophones Other Studies done with the RAI Sports and Aging

3. Secondary Data What is Secondary Data? Secondary and Primary Data –Examples Pros and Cons Uses

4. Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI) Resident Assessment Instruments (RAI) include 2 components: an assessment tool (MDS); and a screening protocol. The instruments were developed and are used in over 30 countries. There are 5 RAIs each based on an MDS instruments (interrai.org, 2010) The instruments can be combined into an integrated health assessment system (Morris et al., 1997) The RAI was originally constructed as a care planning tool, but has been proven to be effective for research (Stones et al., 2006)

5. RAI The MDS consists hundreds (over 230) of different items that measure various constructs (Stevenson et al., 2006) The data is collected by trained assessors, and has been shown to have high levels or reliability (inter- rater) (Morris et al., 1997) RAPs (CM&MS, 2002) Depression Rating Scale (Burrows, et al., 2000) Cognitive Performance Scale (Morris et al., 1994) Activities of Daily Living Scale (Morris et al., 1999) RAI-HC Canada

6. RAI-HC and the Health of Minority Francophones in Ontario Some Context The largest population of Francophones outside Québec resides in Ontario There are over 450,000 Francophones in Ontario 75,500 are over 65 (17% of the Francophone population) (Statistics Canada, 2008) Most studies are at a national level

7. Some Context SES (Picard & Charland, 1999; Bouchard et al., 2006, Wagner et al., 2002; Statistics Canada, 2001) Health Services Use (Kobayashi, 2003; Bouchard et al., 2006; Picard & Allaire, 2005; Picard & Hébert, 1999) Physical Health (Picard & Hébert, 1999; Statistics Canada, 2005; 2007; Wharry, 1997; Kopec et al., 2005; 2007; Picard & Allaire, 2005; Statistics Canada, 2007) Medication Usage (Hogan, 1995; McKellar, 1999; Bouchard et al., 2005) Mental Health (Cairney & Krause, 2005; Streiner et al., 2006; Bouchard et al., 2006)

8. Method of the Study (Thériault & Stones, 2009) RAI-HC data from the 2000 Health Informatics Project N = 5570 Females = 69.5% FrancophonesAnglophones N= 197 (3.5%)N= 4764 (85.5%) Female= 152 (77.2%)Female= 3312 (69.5%)

9. Results SES - Significantly more trade-offs Health Services – MLM significant interaction between the language at the individual and Community level Physical Health – No differences regarding: lifestyle, oral health, disease diagnoses –Differences in vision and perceived health –iADL and MAPLE Medication usage – Significantly more medication oversight for Francophones Mental Health – Psychotropic Medication and DRS Cognition (CPS) Communication (Expression and Comprehension)

10. Disruptive Behaviours and Health (Brink, Stewart & Stones, 2004)

11. More RAI Research Disruptive behaviour and antipsychotic medication use in long term care homes (Houlding, Bailey, Thériault et al., 2008) Disruptive Behaviours related to other issues (Stones, Stewart, & Kirkpatrick, 2003) Medication Usage (Armstrong, 2008) Pain and Cognition (Procter & Hirdes, 2004) Physical functioning changes in residents of LTC Facilities (Richardson, Bédard & Weaver, 2001) Incontinence and Mood in Long-Term Care (Stones et al., 2007) Cognition in Aboriginals (Maranzan & Stones, 2008)

12. Sports and Aging (Stones, 2000)

13. Questions? Comments? Compliments?