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When Men Murder Women 3 types of murder compared Rebecca Emerson Dobash & Russell P. Dobash Professors Emeriti, Criminology, School of Law, University.

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Presentation on theme: "When Men Murder Women 3 types of murder compared Rebecca Emerson Dobash & Russell P. Dobash Professors Emeriti, Criminology, School of Law, University."— Presentation transcript:

1 When Men Murder Women 3 types of murder compared Rebecca Emerson Dobash & Russell P. Dobash Professors Emeriti, Criminology, School of Law, University of Manchester, UK #DobashWMMW

2 When Men Murder Women 3 types of murder compared
Rebecca Emerson Dobash & Russell P. Dobash Professors Emeriti, Criminology, School of Law, University of Manchester, UK Scottish Women’s Aid Seminar to coincide with the publication of ‘When Men Murder Women’, Oxford University Press, New York City Council Chambers (Midlothian Suite) Edinburgh 27 October, 2015 Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester

3 CONTENTS PART I - Intimate partner murder PART II - Sexual murder PART III - Murder of older women Each part contains three chapters: The knowledge The murder event - relationships, contexts and circumstances Perpetrators - lifecourse, orientations and cognitions WHEN MEN MURDER WOMEN R.EMERSON DOBASH RUSSELL P. DOBASH OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester

4 Intimate partner murder
Murder event – relationships & contexts Perpetrators – orientations & cognitions Delilah- 50yrs of popular culture - stalking - perceived ‘infidelity’ - possessiveness -victim blaming -’changing the project’ -murder -lack of remorse, lack of empathy WHEN MEN MURDER WOMEN R.EMERSON DOBASH RUSSELL P. DOBASH OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester

5 OVERVIEW International Rates of Homicide Explanations Murder Study
When Men Murder Women – 3 types 1. Intimate Partner Murder (IPM) 2. Sexual Murder (SexM) 3. Murder of Older Women (OWoM) Compared with Male-Male Murders: Relationships, Murder Event, Lifecourse of perpetrators – childhood/adulthood Conclusions & Implications . Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester

6 International Rates of Homicide –per 100,000
Country /2010 Honduras Colombia El Salvador South Africa Russia USA.. ( s) Switzerland Turkey … Finland Scotland N. Ireland ( s) … France England/Wales Canada … Italy … Spain Sweden Denmark … Norway … Ireland Japan …

7 History –violence against women/wives
Explanations History –violence against women/wives Socio-demographic -age, employment, disadvantage Socio-cultural -beliefs, male entitlement, media Contexts and Situations -conflict, relationships Cognition -thinking, emotions & action Psychological attributes -personality & life course Feminist –gender relations, male privilege, power, control, jealousy, possessiveness Dobash & Dobash Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester

8 Murder Study (funded by ESRC, Economic & Social Research Council)
Objectives: Examine ALL types of murder: pathways to murder contexts, situations, circumstances & murder events relationships between perpetrators & victims lifecourse of perpetrators - child, adult, at murder, in prison 3 Sources of Data: (quantitative & qualitative) - Homicide Index [official database for UK] - 866 Casefiles of murder: (786 men, 80 women) Sample from all men & women in prison for murder: England/Wales (n=3,000 men, 115 women) Scotland (n=500 men, 10 women) - 200 Interviews in 7 prisons across England & Scotland (Men=180, Women=20) Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester Dobash & Dobash

9 Murder Study- Casefile & Interview data
Murder Event: Relationships of victims and offenders Murder Event, Circumstances, Situations, Violence Lifecourse of men convicted of murder: Childhood -Family - School – Social, Medical & Legal Services, Offending Adult Life and Circumstances -Employment, Relationships, Problems/alcohol, Social Services Previous Violence & Offending -Previous offending, Violence Against Women, Convictions Prison -Adjustment, Programmes, Remorse, Empathy, Change Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester

10 SCOTLAND 2004-2014 All Solved Homicides, n=946
(SOURCE Scottish Government, Homicide in Scotland, (note- 46% of all females killed were intimate partners, most perpetrators were male)

11 MURDER STUDY All murders committed by
Men against Men & Men against Women, total=695

12 WOMEN MURDERED BY MEN – 3 Types of Murder
Intimate partner, Sexual Murder, Older Women, (n=243) [*other=28]

13 Intimate Partner Murder (IPM) & Male-Male Murder (MM)
.

14 Context - Women/Wives Control, Punishment & Violence
Foot on her neck. Men’s Shoe advert, 2013 Branks for – ‘nagging’ women 16-18C Dobash & Dobash Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester

15 Murder Event Intimate Partner Murder & Male-Male Murder
Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester Dobash & Dobash

16 Childhood (pre16) – IPMurder & M-M Murder
Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester Dobash & Dobash

17 Adulthood – IPMurder & M-M Murder
Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester Dobash & Dobash

18 Intimate Partner Murder
Relationships, Situations & Contexts: Relationships: tenuous prolonged conflict previous violence to victim Possessiveness & jealousy Separation/ attempts to leave - Forced sex Choke/strangle - Use instruments/knives,etc. Offenders: ¾ previous convictions ¼ no previous convictions -specialize in violence to women: previous violence to woman who was murdered -‘change the project’ from trying to keep woman partner to decision to destroy her for leaving -fixed intention to kill -collateral murders - children, protectors & new partners (n=62) Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester .

19 Sexual Murder (SexM) & Male-Male Murder (M-M)
.

20 Advertising using rape, 2013
CONTEXT – SEXUAL ASSAULT & RAPE Normalized in Adverts for Men … 2013 Dolce & Gabbana Gang rape Drinks advert & rape Advertising using rape, 2013

21 Relationship between Perpetrator & Victim
Sex Murder, n= 98 Relationship between Perpetrator & Victim

22 Murder Event – Sex Murder & M-M Murder
Dobash & Dobash Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester

23 Adulthood – Sex Murder & M-M Murder
Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester

24 Murder of Older Women (OWoM) & Male-Male Murder (M-M)
. . Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester

25 Older Women –16c English law against witches, power of women = trouble
Burning witches 13c inquisition 3 witches=darkness, chaos & conflict Shakespeare - Macbeth Dobash & Dobash Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester

26 Context of murder- (theft, n=19, 48%; sex, n=21, 52%)
Murder of Older Women, n=40 *Relationship - perpetrator & victim – stranger/acq. Context of murder- (theft, n=19, 48%; sex, n=21, 52%)

27 Murder Event Murder of Older Women & M-M Murder
Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester Dobash & Dobash

28 Adulthood -Murder of Older Women & M-M Murder
Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester Dobash & Dobash

29 Overall - Relevant Factors
Murder Event: Location - home Beat/strangle, clubs/knives Little/no remorse, empathy, responsibility Relationships-nature/consequence intimate partners, acquaintance/friend, relative, strangers -men’s access/women’s caution Situations & contexts: Conflict [from none to prolonged] Alcohol – drinking & drunkenness - separation, possessive, change project - seeking sex Offenders - lifecourse Child & Adult Problems: - Caretaking, school, early offending Under educated, unemployed Alcohol abuse Previous convictions - Violent offences (physical &/or sexual) - Problems with women include: Orientations to women Relations with women, Specialize in violence to women Male entitlement/privilege - Self oriented Dobash & Dobash Criminology, University of Manchester .

30 Publications - books (2015) When Men Murder Women, New York, Oxford University Press. (2000) Changing Violent Men. London:Sage. Dobash, Dobash, Cavanagh, &Lewis (1998) Rethinking Violence Against Women. London: Sage. Dobash & Dobash, eds. (1992) Women, Violence and Social Change. London: Routledge. Dobash & Dobash (1992) Women Viewing Violence, London:BFI. Schlesinger, Dobash, Dobash, &Weaver (1979) Violence Against Wives. New York: Free Press. Dobash & Dobash

31 Articles – from murder study
2012 Who died? Murder of collaterals related to intimate partner conflict. Violence Against Women, 18: 2011 What were they thinking? Men who murder an intimate partner. Violence Against Women, 17: 2009 ‘Out of the blue’: Men who kill intimate partners. Feminist Criminology, 4: 2007 Onset of offending and life course of men convicted of murder. Homicide Studies, 11: 2007 Lethal &non-lethal violence in intimate relationships. Violence Against Women, 13: 2004 Not an ordinary killer-just an ordinary guy. Men who kill their intimate female partner. Violence Against Women, 10:

32 Articles - Dobash & Dobash, et. al.
2007 The Murder of Children By Fathers in the Context of Child Abuse, Jr. of Child Abuse & Neglect, Cavanagh, Dobash & Dobash, 31: 2004 Women’s Violence Against an Intimate Male Partner: Working on a Puzzle, British Jr Criminology, Dobash & Dobash, 44: 2001 ‘Remedial work’: men’s strategic responses to their violence against intimate female partners, Sociology, Cavanagh, Dobash, Dobash, & Lewis, 35: 2000 Evaluating criminal justice interventions for domestic violence. Crime & Delinquency, 46: 1999 A research evaluation of British programmes for violent men. Jr.Social Policy, Dobash, Dobash, Cavanagh, & Lewis, 1998 Separate and Intersecting Realities, Violence Against Women: a comparison of men’s & women’s accounts of violence against women, Violence Against Women, Dobash, Dobash, Cavanagh & Lewis, 4: 1992 The myth of symmetry in family violence. Social Problems, Dobash, Dobash, Wilson, & Daly, 39:71-91.

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