2. Chapter 5 Section 1 Notes

3. I. Geography Shapes Greek Life

4. Map of Greece

6. A. By 2000 B.C. Minoans lived on the island of Crete and Indo-Europeans had settled on Mainland Greece

7. Bull Jumping

8. B. Mainland Greece is a mountainous peninsula in southeast Europe

9. C. Greece has over 1400 islands in the Aegean Sea on the east side

10. D. The Mediterranean Sea is located to the South

11. 1. The Greeks became excellent sailors

12. E. Greece had few natural resources

13. F. Mountains covered about ¾ of Greece

14. Mountains of Greece

15. 1. Mountains kept the city-states separated

16. a. Thus loyalty was to your own city- state and not to a centralized government

17. 2. Travel was very difficult

18. G. Only about 20 % of the land was used for farm land

19. 1. With such little land the Greeks would search for lands to colonize

20. J. The climate of Greece was mild 48 to 80 degrees

21. II. Mycenaean Civilization Develops

22. Mycenaean Greece

23. Gates of Mycenaea

24. A. Mycenaeans were named after their main city Mycenae located on the east side of the Peloponnesus

25. B. Mycenaean warrior kings were very wealthy

26. 1. Bronze weapons

27. 2. Drank from gold cups

28. C. Mycenae took over the power of the Minoans when they decline so abruptly

29. D. Mycenae did adopt many of Minoan customs

30. E. The Trojan War

31. 1. War with Troy on the Hellespont in current day Turkey

32. 2. War lasted for 10 years

33. 3. Prince Paris of Troy kidnaps Helen the beautiful wife of the king Agamemnon of Mycenae

34. Hellen’s Abduction

36. a. Face that launched a thousand ships

37. 4. Greeks win the war with the trick of the Trojan Horse

38. Trojan Horse

39. 5. German archaeologist, Heinrich Schliemann, finds nine layers in Turkey one may have been Troy

40. Heinrich Schliemann

41. III. Greek Culture Declines under the Dorians

42. Doric Column

43. A. the Dorians would take over after the decline of the Mycenaeans

44. B. the Dorians were less advanced than the Mycenaeans

45. IV. The Epics of Homer

46. A. Homer was a blind poet that wrote two major epics

47. B. the Iliad was a book about the Trojan Wars

48. 1. About Greek hero Achilles and the Trojan hero Hector

49. Achilles

50. Andromacher Mourning Hector

51. C. the Odyssey was a book about the 10 year trip home for the Greek hero Odysseus

52. 1. Odysseus uses his wits and trickery to get home

53. Odysseus blinding Polyphemos

54. D. Both books described the characteristics of Greek heroes

55. 1. Brave

56. 2. Loyal

57. 3. Integrity

58. 4. Cunning

59. 5. Honor

60. V. Greeks Create Myths

61. A. The Greek myths explained the world around them

62. B. Gods had human characteristics

63. C. Zeus was their main god

64. D. Hera was his wife

65. E. The gods lived in the clouds above Mount Olympus

66. F. Athena was the guardian of cities