2. If you do not know the correct answer bubble in letter E. E is not a choice, but I do not want you to guess at a correct answer. The last 4 digits of your student id will need to be bubbled into the top right corner of your scantron.

4. Talk with your table partner. What do you think is the difference between an inference and an observation.

21. On the worksheet given to you, observe the picture, then identify whether each statement is an observation (O) or an inference (I).

22. Record in your notebook the observations you make while watching the video. What inferences can you make? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D- wxnID2q4A https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D- wxnID2q4A

23. What is a Hypothesis? An explanation that is based upon prior scientific research and CAN BE TESTED An “If _____, then _____” statement Non-Example: – If I test different dishwashing liquids, then I can determine which one is the best. Example: – If I test different dishwashing liquids, then I can determine which one cleans the best.

24. How can we test a hypothesis? Do an EXPERIMENT – Experiment must be run multiple times – Experiment can only have one variable that is being changed (the independent variable) – Experiment must have an experimental group (group that recevies a treatment that is NOT NORMAL; receives the change) and A control group (group that receives a treatment that is NORMAL; does not receive the change; the standard to which the experimental group is compared)

25. Why should an experiment be run multiple times?

26. Variables in an Experiment Independent variable: – Also called the Manipulated variable – What “I” change (Independent) – Graphed on the X-axis – MIX

27. Variables in an Experiment Dependent Variable: – Depends on the independent variable (Dependent) – Also called the Responding variable – Goes on the Y-axis of a graph – DRY – Is what you’re measuring; your results

28. MIX DRYDRY

30. Examples of Variables Your score on a test depends upon how much time you spent studying IV __________ DV _____________ The deeper we go into the Earth, the hotter the temperature gets. IV __________ DV _____________ The higher we go into the atmosphere, the lower the temperature gets IV __________ DV _____________

31. Now It’s Your Turn Select two colors. You will use one color to highlight/underline the IV and the other to highlight the DV on the worksheet you have been given. Then write the IV and the DV in the blanks provided.

32. DO NOW Students in science class wanted to find out if the temperature in the room had an effect on the amount of time the hamster slept during the day. Give the… 1. Independent Variable 2. Dependent Variable

33. Mrs. Dyer wondered if the height of a hole punched in the side of a 2-L bottle would affect how far the container of liquid would spurt when the carton was full of liquid. She used four identical 2-L bottles and punched the same size hole in each. The hole was placed at different heights on one side of each of the containers. The height of the holes varied in increments of 10 cm, ranging from 10 cm to 40 cm from the base of the bottle. She put her finger over the holes and filled the bottles with liquid. She then placed the bottle in the sink and removed her finger. Mrs. Dyer measured how far away from the bottle the liquid squirted when it hit the bottom of the sink. Independent variable: Dependent variable:

34. Variables Review https://create.kahoot.it/?_ga=1.51591081.14 55112563.1437657782#login https://create.kahoot.it/?_ga=1.51591081.14 55112563.1437657782#login

35. How to Write a Hypothesis IF (independent variable) is (describe how you change it), THEN (dependent variable) will (describe the effect- increase, decrease, stay the same). Example – If aspirin is taken daily for 60 days, then the blood pressure of females ages 12-14 will decrease.

37. O - Observation You make an observation. An observation leads to a question (your problem). This should be written in the form of a question.

38. H -Hypothesis Write a hypothesis in the format: IF (independent variable) is (describe how you change it), THEN (dependent variable) will (describe the effect- increase, decrease, stay the same).

39. E -Experiment The experiment involves Identifying the independent variable Identifying the dependent variable Making a materials list Listing step-by-step detailed instructions Collecting data

40. E -Experiment To collect data, you will need a data table.

41. E -Experiment

44. Your experiment should have a title. The title should be in the format: The Effect of (the independent variable) on (the dependent variable)

45. E -Experiment Your instructions should be step by step and detailed in order to limit your variables. This ensures that all variable are kept constant (the same) except the ONE variable that YOU are changing (the independent variable).

46. C -Conclusion What results did you get? Should include: 1.Tell if your hypothesis was correct or incorrect. 2.Make a statement that explains WHY your hypothesis was correct/incorrect. 3.Use data from your experiment as evidence (proof) that your hypothesis was correct/incorrect.

52. DO NOW Number your paper 1-6 and choose the correct word from the word bank that describes the example or definition. 1.The Effect of the Temperature of the Room on the Amount of Sleeping Time 2.If I use mousse on my hair, then my hair will be curly. 3.A group used for comparison. It gets the NORMAL treatment. 4.Does temperature affect plant growth? 5.In an experiment, it is what “I” change 6.In an experiment, it is what is measured. WORD BANK IV DV Control Title Hypothesis Problem

53. Copy this into your notebook NOW: Title: The Effect of the IV on the DV Problem: Should be in form of question and should include IV and DV Hypothesis: If IV (describe how you change it), then the DV will (increase, decrease, or stay the same). Materials: EVERYTHING needed (keep in mind constants) Procedure: ALL steps (Should be numbered and detailed enough that anyone could do it) Data Table: IV on left DV on right Graph: IV on x-axis DV on y-axis Conclusion: Discuss hypothesis and data

54. Each group of four will be responsible for turning in chart paper containing the following information. The requirements have been divided so that your group can split the work between two pairs. However, remember that the whole group will be graded on the ALL of the information, so be sure to check each other’s work to ensure correctness. Pair 1: 1.Names of ALL group members (first and last) at the top of the page. (5 points) 2.Independent Variable identified (5 points) 3.Dependent Variable identified (5 points) 4.Title: The Effect of the (independent variable) on the (dependent variable) (5 points) 5.Problem: (in the form of a question) (5 points) 6.Hypothesis (5 points) 7.Data Table ( Independent variable on the left and dependent variable on the right) (20 points) Pair 2: 1.Experiment (materials used and step-by-step procedures) (25 points) 2.Graph (independent variable on x-axis and dependent variable on y-axis; graph should also have a title) (20 points) 3.Correct conclusion (include the three statements indicated in your notes; discuss if there could be any error in your data and why) (5 points)

56. DO NOW In the next available space in your notebook, write the date, number 1-5, and answer the questions below. What part of the scientific method are the examples below? __________ 1. The Effect of the Height that a Ball is Dropped on the Height that the Ball Bounces __________ 2. Does using alka-seltzer water affect plant growth? __________ 3. If I add 20 drops of water to the Lincoln side of a penny, then it will overflow. Label as IV or DV: Tammy wondered if using Miracle Grow on her tomato plants would cause more tomotoes to grow. __________ 4. using Miracle Grow on the tomato plants __________ 5. number of tomatoes What experimental design term is defined below? __________ 6. A group used for comparison in an experiment.