1. Unit 13 - The Origins of the Cold War 1945-1965

2. 2 I. Causes of the CW A. The Iron Curtain Winston Churchill gave the Iron Curtain speech in 1946 Map of the Iron Curtain

3. 3 B. The Truman Doctrine, 1947 President Truman outlined the Truman Doctrine to a joint session of Congress in March of 1947 1.Asked Congress to aid Greece & Turkey ($400 B) 2.Policy of containment 3.Promise to aid all countries w/ Communist threats

4. 4 C. The Marshall Plan, 1947 A map showing how the plan’s $20B was distributed by country Photo shows a delivery of wheat from the U.S. being unloaded in Rotterdam, Netherlands 1. $13 billion in grants & loans to Western Europe

5. 5 D. NATO Treaty, 1949. E. Warsaw Pact, 1955.

6. 6 F. Berlin Airlift 1.Stalin blocks access to W. Berlin 2.Truman sends supplies via air drops 3.Stalin contracts Berlin Wall

7. Central Historical Question Who started the Cold War?

8. 8 II. Korean War A.Mao Zedong wins Chinese Civil War (Communist) B.Korea split into two at 38 th Parallel 1.North = Communist, Totalitarian 2.South = Capitalist, Democratic C.North invades South 1. Desire to reunite Korea under communism 2. Truman vows to support S. Korea 3. UN Security Council votes to also

9. 9 D. Intervention 1.UN Enters 2.Chinese 3.Stalemate 4.MacArthur Fired by Truman

10. 10 E. Results 1.Eisenhower ends the war 2.Border remains at the 38 th parallel 3.Precedent set to send troops w/o declaring war 4.Increase in Military 5.SEATO formed

11. 11 III. Cold War Tensions A.Soviets have nukes by 1949 B.Truman vs. Eisenhower 1.Both believe in containment 2.Dulles’ Mass retaliation Policy C.Arms Race 1. Hydrogen Bomb D.Stalin dies 1953 1.Khrushchev takes power 2.Meets with Eisenhower 3.“Peaceful co-existence”

12. 12 III. Cold War Tensions Cont. E. Uprisings in Eastern Block F. Suez Canal Crisis G. Eisenhower Doctrine H. CIA – Central Intelligence Agency I.Space Race I.Sputnik 2.NASA J. U2 Incident

13. 13 IV. Cold War at Home A.2 nd Red Scare 1. Commies are everywhere B.Smith Act cripples Communist Party C.HUAC - House Un-American Activities Committee 1.Hollywood Ten 2.blacklists D. Espionage 1.Alger Hiss 2.Rosenberg's

14. 14 E. Joseph McCarthy 1. traitors in the US State Dept. 2. wins re-election w/ promise to find communists 3. McCarthyism 4. TV Hearings

15. 15 EQ: What impact did JFK have on the Cold War? HW: Review for test Thursday Testing Envelope (Terms, Word Association, Castle Set) Do Now: Read and summarize the Smith Act. How did it impact the Communist Party in the US?

16. 16 V. JFK Foreign Policy A.Eisenhower vs. JFK 1. flexible response – Nuclear or guerilla a. Green Berets B. Peace Corps C. Alliance for Progress 1. resurrects FDR’s Good Neighbor Policy

17. 17 V. JFK Foreign Policy (cont.) D. Bay of Pigs 1. CIA sponsored revolt of Cuba 2. Fails 3. JFK takes blame E. Cuban Missile Crisis 1. USSR places missile silos in Cuba 2. JFK places naval blockade 3. Both sides agree to remove missiles a. US in Turkey and Italy 4. US-USSR Hotline installed