1. D AILY S CIENCE Why do we have oceanic and continental crust? Using your data from yesterdays lab, construct a diagram that depicts the differences in oceanic and continental crust as it relates to sinking and floating in the mantle

2. M INERALS Pg. 33

3. M INERAL A naturally occurring, inorganic solid compound with a specific chemical composition and a definite crystalline structure.

4. B REAK IT DOWN (W HAT IS A MINERAL ) Naturally occurring- formed in nature, not in a lab. Inorganic- not living/never alive Compound- can’t be physically separated Ex. Salt is a mineral while sugar is not.

5. B REAK IT DOWN ( CONT ) Specific chemical structure- must be a solid Each mineral has a unique chemical make up Ex. Quartz- SiO 2

6. B REAK IT DOWN ( CONT ) Crystalline structure- regular geometric patterns that are repeated again and again Crystal- solid arranged in repeating patterns

7. C RYSTAL SYSTEMS Cubic Tetragonal Hexagonal Orthorhombic Monoclinic Triclinic

8. E XAMPLES Cubic (Pyrite) Tetragonal (Wulfenite) Hexagonal (Pyromorphite) Orthorhombic (Topaz) Monoclinic (Gypsum) Triclinic (Feldspar)

9. M INERAL F ORMATION From magma- molten material found beneath Earth’s surface rises and cools Small crystals form from rapidly cooling magma Large crystals form from slowly cooling magma From solutions- if a solution becomes over saturated, mineral crystals begin to precipitate. When liquid evaporates, solids form

10. M INERAL G ROUPS 3000 minerals are found in Earth’s Crust Silicates- minerals that contain oxygen, silicon, and usually one other element (make up 96% of minerals) Carbonates- composed of one or more metallic elements w/ a carbonate compound (CO 3 ) Oxides- oxygen and a metal

11. P G. 34 Use the following terms to construct a concept map of the six major crystal systems. Gypsum Topaz Pyrite Triclinic Cubic Hexagonal Tetragonal Crystal systems Wulfenite Pyromorphite Feldspar Orthorhombic monoclinic