1. The Basis of Cellular Inheritance
Chapter 9
Part 1

2. Vocabulary Clarification

3. Human Karyotype XX = Female XY = Male
HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES: carry the same genetic info, one copy is from Mom and one copy is from Dad

4. Diploid vs. Haploid
Diploid cells (2n) have 2 sets of chromosomes (almost all cells in the human body)
Haploid cells (n) have one set of chromosomes (gametes or sex cells)

5. The Cell Cycle

6. INTERPHASE

7. Phases of Mitosis: PROPHASE

8. Phases of Mitosis: METAPHASE

9. Phases of Mitosis: ANAPHASE

10. Phases of Mitosis: TELOPHASE

11. Regulating The Cell Cycle
Cells complete the cell cycle at different paces; some cells don’t divide
(ex: neurons, cardiac muscle)
Special proteins direct the sequence of events and serve as “checkpoints”
When this “control system” malfunctions, cells reproduce at the wrong time and place leading to tumors

12. Tumors and Cancer Benign Tumors Abnormal mass of normal cells
Malignant Tumors
Masses of cancer cells
Cancer cells displace normal tissue
Cancer cells can metastasize or spread from their site of origin

13. Cancer Treatment SURGERY RADIATION CHEMOTHERAPY SIDE EFFECTS
Remove tumor from tissue
RADIATION
Expose dividing tumor cells to high-energy radiation to disrupt division
CHEMOTHERAPY
Use antimitotic drugs to prevent spindle formation or function
SIDE EFFECTS
Damage reproductive cell development (sterility)
Damage intestinal cells (nausea)
Damage hair follicle cells (hair loss)