1. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 1 GLAST Large Area Telescope Instrument Science Operations Center Introduction to GLAST and the LAT ISOC Rob Cameron Stanford Linear Accelerator Center ISOC Manager rac@slac.stanford.edu 650-926-2989 Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope

2. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 2 Outline  Organization of Review Presentations  Overview of GLAST  Overview of the Large Area Telescope  Overview of the ISOC –ISOC and the LAT Collaboration  Pre-launch ISOC Activities –LAT I&T Support Activities  Post-launch ISOC Activities  ISOC Operations Facility and office areas at SLAC  Summary

3. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 3 Organization of Presentations  Introduction to GLAST and the LAT ISOCRob Cameron  Flight Software SystemsJana Thayer  Commanding, Health and SafetyRob Cameron  Science Operations IEduardo do Couto e Silva  Science Operations IISeth Digel  Science Analysis SystemsRichard Dubois  Calibration Unit Beam TestEduardo do Couto e Silva  ISOC Budget and StaffingRob Cameron

4. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 4 Gamma Ray Large Area Telescope  Next observatory to be launched by NASA –Fall of 2007  Extends the scientific reach in the gamma-ray spectrum –Higher energy –Greater sensitivity –Better resolution  Next in a series of space-based observatories that cover the EM spectrum from microwaves through gamma rays –WMAP, Spitzer, Hubble, Chandra, SWIFT, GLAST  Windows on the Universe –Improved capability to study the time evolution of the energy spectra of transient phenomena

5. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 5  Larger field of view (FOV), higher sensitivity, and broader energy detection range than any previously flown gamma-ray mission  Science Exploration –AGNs –SNRs as particle accelerators –Pulsars –Starlight emission history of the Universe –Highest-energy gamma-ray bursts –Our Sun as a particle accelerator –The new energy window: Particle Dark Matter; other Big Bang relics? New physics?  Mission Duration: 5 years (10 year Goal)  Orbit:565 km Circular, 28.5° Inclination  Launch Date:Fall 2007  Launch Vehicle:Delta 2920H-10  Launch Site:Kennedy Space Center  Sky survey + pointed observing programs  Autonomous targeted re-pointing capability, with fast slew speed –75° in <10 minutes (5 minutes goal) GLAST Mission Summary

6. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 6 Two GLAST instruments: LAT: 20 MeV – >300 GeV GBM: 10 keV – 25 MeV Large Area Telescope (LAT) GLAST Burst Monitor (GBM) e+e+ e–e–  Calorimeter Tracker Grid LAT pair conversion telescope ACD [surrounds 4x4 array of TKR towers] GLAST Science Instruments GBM

7. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 7 Observatory Layout +X (Roll) +Y (Pitch) +Z (Yaw) GBM BGO Detector (x2) LAT LAT Radiator 125 Ahr Battery Ku-Band Antenna 3 Panel Solar Array Optical Bench and Skirt Assembly GBM NaI Detectors (x12) S-Band Antennas Single Axis S/A Drive Hydrazine Propellant Tank 3 Star Trackers and SIRU Launch Config. GBM Power Supply Box GBM Data Processing Unit

8. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 8 LAT Master Schedule  LAT complete and testedMarch 2006 –To Naval Research Laboratory for environmental testing  Delivery to Observatory Integration June 2006 –Mate with spacecraft and GBM and test  Launch Fall 2007 –Kennedy Space Center Spitzer Launch on a Delta II

9. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 9 Large Area Telescope Structure Anti Coincidence Detector -- GSFC 16 Tracker Modules – UCSC, Italy & Japan Grid -- SLAC 16 Calorimeter Modules – NRL & France and Sweden Electronics Modules -- SLAC Radiators -- SLAC Mass3000 Kg Power 650 Watts Integration and Test -- SLAC

10. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 10 LAT Overview: Design e+e+ e–e–  Si Tracker pitch = 228 µm 8.8 x10 5 channels 12 layers × 3% X 0 + 4 layers × 18% X 0 + 2 layers Data acquisition Grid & Thermal Radiators 3000 kg, 650 W (allocation) 1.8 m  1.8 m  1.0 m 1.2 Mb/s telemetry data rate CsI Calorimeter 1536 CsI(Tl) bars Hodoscopic array 8.4 X 0 8 × 12 bars 2.0 × 2.7 × 33.6 cm  cosmic-ray rejection  shower leakage correction ACD 89 Segmented scintillator tiles 0.9997 efficiency  minimize self-veto The largest area silicon detector in the world! Flexible hardware Trigger + Software filters

11. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 11 LAT Prior to Installing the Anti Coincidence Detector

12. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 12 LAT Data Acquisition System SIUSIU GASU GASU PDUPDU [EPU] [EPU] [EPU]

13. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 13 16 Towers with ACD

14. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 14  After the initial on-orbit checkout, verification, and calibrations, the first year of science operations will be an all-sky survey. –all parts of the sky observed for ~30 minutes every 3 hours. –first year data used for detailed instrument characterization, refinement of the alignment, and key projects (source catalog, diffuse background models, etc.) needed by the community –data on transients will be released, with caveats –repoints for bright bursts and burst alerts enabled –extraordinary ToO’s supported –limited first-year guest observer program –workshops for guest observers on science tools and mission characteristics for proposal preparation  Observing plan in subsequent years driven by guest observer proposal selections by peer review. Public data released through the GLAST Science Support Center (GSSC). –Currently expect most science to be done in sky survey, but there will be substantial periods of pointed observations. GLAST Operations Phases

15. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 15 The GLAST Sky LAT 1 st Catalog: >9000 sources possibleEGRET 3 rd Catalog: 271 sources GLAST is the next great step beyond EGRET, providing a huge leap in capabilities: Very large FOV (~20% of sky), factor 4 greater than EGRET Broadband (4 decades in energy, including unexplored region E > 10 GeV) Unprecedented PSF for gamma rays (factor > 3 better than EGRET for E>1 GeV) Large effective area (factor > 5 better than EGRET) Results in factor > 30-100 improvement in sensitivity

16. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 16  Upon detection of a GRB, GLAST Observatory can take two levels of action: –alerts to the ground GBM and LAT issue alerts independently Alerts are used by other facilities to provide additional measurements that help give meaning to the GLAST data (e.g., redshifts) –autonomous repoint to follow burst both GBM and LAT can generate a repoint request GBM expected to detect more bursts than LAT. However, if LAT detects a burst, it will probably provide a better localization of the burst position; therefore, GBM repoint request routed through LAT, which either passes on the GBM request or sends LAT’s position. –alerts will happen more frequently than repoint requests GLAST Gamma-Ray Burst Handling

17. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 17 LAT Instrument Science Operations Center (ISOC) LAT Instrument Science Operations Center (ISOC)  The LAT ISOC is organized to: –Support operation of the Large Area Telescope –Produce LAT Level 1 and selected Level 2 science data products  Main Functions: –LAT command planning and construction –LAT Instrument health and safety monitoring –Maintain and modify LAT flight software and the LAT Testbed –LAT performance verification and optimization –Process and archive LAT Level 1 and Level 2 data –Maintain and optimize the software that produces LAT science data products –Support the LAT collaboration  DOE supports the ISOC through SLAC operating funds –ISOC Operations costs capped by OMB at $5M per year –Support for GLAST related SLAC scientists at approximately $2.5M per year

18. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 18 LAT ISOC in the GLAST GDS Analysis Software

19. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 19 ISOC works closely with the LAT collaboration ISOC provides data to collaboration during first year of mission, and beyond Collaboration scientists provide support to ISOC for instrument analysis Joint oversight by LAT Operations Steering Committee Steering committee functions  Guides coordination between ISOC and LAT Collaboration Science Groups  Sets and reviews high-level policy and priorities  Resolves issues as needed  Membership: P.F. Michelson S. Ritz W.N. Johnson W.B. Atwood R. Cameron Analysis Coordinator (rotating) ISOC and the LAT Collaboration

20. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 20 ISOC Organization ISOC Manager: R. Cameron Deputy: E. do Couto e Silva Deputy: R. Dubois Commanding, Health and Safety R. Cameron / J. Thayer Science Analysis Systems R. Dubois Flight Software J. Thayer Science Operations E. do Couto e Silva / S. Digel

21. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 21 ISOC Team Activities and Responsibilities Flight Software Systems  Develop, test, and maintain LAT flight software  Develop and maintain software tools for the development, testing, and documentation of the operational LAT flight software  Maintain the tools that track LAT Configuration  Maintain the Dataflow lab and LAT testbed  Maintain and develop documentation  Interface with other ISOC groups to troubleshoot issues on orbit Commanding, Health and Safety  LAT mission planning support  Generate and validate LAT commands  Pass LAT commands to the GSSC  Verify correct commands execution  Receive Level 0 data from the MOC  Log and archive commands and Level 0 data  Monitor LAT health and safety  continuous knowledge of the configuration of the LAT  Support LAT I&T –Data transport, archiving, trending Science Operations  Characterize, monitor and optimize LAT Performance at all levels –individual LAT detectors –LAT as an integrated particle physics instrument –LAT as a high energy gamma ray detector  Coordinate investigation of instrument anomalies  Coordinate LAT operations scientist program  Coordinate Science data processing  Quick look science/alerts  Standard product generation/delivery Science Analysis Systems  Moving towards providing all software development for the LAT ground work  Supports ISOC and LAT collaboration  Support software development environment and tools  Instrument data processing: reconstruction, calibration and simulation  High level science tools & Quicklook  Automated processing pipeline machinery  Acquire and coordinate most LAT compute resources at SLAC: bulk CPU and disk usage  Database and web development –System tests, Data Monitoring –Tools used in ISOC day-to-day handling of downlinks

22. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 22 ISOC Teams in Practice CHS SO SAS FSW

23. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 23 Pre-launch ISOC Activities In addition to ISOC development and activities outlined above, the ISOC budget supports several areas of LAT Integration and Test activity:  LAT I&T at SLAC –FSW development –LAT EGSE software (LATTE/LICOS) development –Science Validation and Calibration (SVAC) –SAS/Offline processing  LAT I&T at NRL –Continued FSW support –Continued EGSE s/w and h/w support –Continued SVAC support –SAS/Offline processing support  Observatory I&T at GD/Spectrum Astro Space Systems –ISOC provides some EGSE h/w and s/w  Pre-launch activity at Titusville/KSC –TBD, probably similar to ISOC-provided EGSE support at GD/SASS

24. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 24 Post-launch ISOC Operations Concept  Manual and automated activities at ISOC –Manual: mission planning support, command load preparation –Automated: Health and safety monitoring –Automated: Receipt, ingest, processing, archiving of Level 0 data products  ISOC supports the MOC’s weekday, day-time operations –Operator coverage 5 am to 2 pm to cover MOC shift times on East Coast 9 am to 6 pm to cover ISOC internal coordination needs –On-call support Operations Lead and Operations Scientist for anomalies Operators for real-time commanding or anomaly support  Duty scientists from collaboration will provide 24 hour support  Weekly mission planning cycle during normal mission  Simple anomaly response requirements for GLAST Flight Ops Team –Notify the ISOC –Follow defined contingency procedures  Close cooperation of LAT collaboration needed in first year of mission (and beyond) to augment ISOC teams

25. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 25 ISOC Data Flows

26. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 26 Expected Instrument Operations  Data taking –Continuous, outside SAA –Few commands needed  Calibration –Weekly, biweekly and monthly –A few commands to initiate  Load changes to tables and FSW –Infrequent –A few commands and/or file uploads which may be large  Load new tables and files –Infrequent –A few commands and/or file uploads which may be large  Perform Diagnostics –Infrequent –A few commands and/or file uploads which may be large

27. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 27 Initial Turn-On and Checkout of LAT  Launch and Early Orbit (L&EO) phase is scheduled for first 60 days after launch  Instrument turn-on will not be executed automatically –Humans required to check environmental conditions prior to significant steps –Must establish correct LAT configuration at each step  Functional checkout of DAQ, ACD, CAL and TKR  Initial calibrations  ISOC will have staff at GLAST Mission Operations Center at NASA/GSFC during L&EO, but data will also flow to west coast ISOC for processing –Processing and analysis of LAT science and calibration data at SLAC is essential to bring LAT to operational state –LAT collaboration will work with LAT data via ISOC resources

28. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 28 LAT Operations Facility at SLAC  LAT Operations Facility –Funded as SLAC infrastructure project –Located in the Building 84, Central Lab Annex –Elements Operations Control Room. Being built and configured in 2006, to support pre-launch operations testing. Dataflow Lab – Existing Dataflow Lab houses LAT testbed – New Dataflow Lab extension in 2007. Provides additional space for spare detectors and other additional equipment.  ISOC operations staff offices adjacent to Operations Facility in Central Lab Annex.

29. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 29 LAT Operations Facility at SLAC

30. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 30 ISOC Operations Facility Schedule  Control room ready at end of 2006  Facility complete in early 2007

31. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 31 GLAST Ground System Schedule

32. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 32 Backup Slides

33. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 33 Observatory Science Requirements (I)

34. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 34 Observatory Science Requirements (II)

35. LAT ISOCISOC Review, 15 February 2006 35 Observatory Science Requirements (III)