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Do Now A study was conducted about how many text messages SHS juniors send in a one hour class without getting caught. Out of 100 juniors, 94 were able.

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Presentation on theme: "Do Now A study was conducted about how many text messages SHS juniors send in a one hour class without getting caught. Out of 100 juniors, 94 were able."— Presentation transcript:

1 Do Now A study was conducted about how many text messages SHS juniors send in a one hour class without getting caught. Out of 100 juniors, 94 were able to send 7 text messages, while the remaining juniors were able to send only 6 text messages. What is the average number of text messages sent by these juniors?

2 How do we compute an average number of texts?

3 How many juniors sent 6 texts? 100 - 94 = 6 How many texts were sent by the juniors who sent 7 texts? 94 juniors sent 7 texts 94 x 7 = 658 How many texts were sent by the juniors who sent 6 texts 6 juniors sent 6 texts 6 x 6 = 36 Total # of texts = 658 + 36 = 694

4 How do we compute an average number of texts?

5 Announcement Test #2 on Atomic Theory Wednesday, November 12, 2014 40 questions, open response Topics 1)Creation of the Atomic Theory 2)Subatomic Particles 3)Atomic Number, Mass Number, Atomic Mass 4)Atomic Notation

6 Atomic Number, Mass Number & Atomic Mass SWBAT explain the meaning of atomic number, mass number, atomic mass and atomic symbols, and determine these features using a periodic table. Write this in your notes

7 Pass Out Periodic Tables Save your periodic tables You will need them for tests Do not write anything on them

8 8 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure These are called subatomic particles Atoms are made from smaller particles! electrons protons neutrons

9 Sub-Atomic Particles typeabbrev. location in atom relative weight charge change in number produces protonpnucleus1+1 different element neutronnnucleus10isotope electronecloudion

10 How do we indicate which atom we are talking about? There are 118 different elements Each one can have several different isotopes and ions Chemists needed a way of specifying exactly which atom they were talking about The naming convention that evolved specifies atoms by their subatomic particles. Today we will start learning this naming convention

11 11 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Atomic Number Mass Number Atomic Symbol Atomic Mass Write this in your notes

12 12 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Abbreviations & Equations p = proton e = electron n = neutron Write this in your notes

13 13 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Atomic number atomic number: total number of protons in a nucleus.

14 14 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Atomic NumberNumber of protons in nucleus Mass Number Atomic Symbol Atomic Mass Write this in your notes

15 15 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Abbreviations & Equations p = proton e = electron n = neutron Write this in your notes

16 16 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Abbreviations & Equations p = protonN p = number of protons e = electronN e = number of electrons n = neutronN n = number of neutrons Write this in your notes

17 17 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Abbreviations & Equations p = protonN p = number of protons e = electronN e = number of electrons n = neutronN n = number of neutrons atomic number = Z = N p Write this in your notes

18 18 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure mass number: total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus. Mass number = 6 p + 6 n = 12 12 C “carbon-12” Almost all of the mass of an atom come from the protons and neutrons

19 19 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Atomic NumberNumber of protons in nucleus Mass Number Number of protons and neutrons in nucleus Atomic Symbol Atomic Mass Write this in your notes

20 20 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Abbreviations & Equations p = protonN p = number of protons e = electronN e = number of electrons n = neutronN n = number of neutrons atomic number = Z = N p mass number = A = N p + N n Write this in your notes

21 21 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure "Normal" Atomic Symbols

22 22 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure "Abnormal" Atomic Symbols

23

24

25 Argentum Argentina

26 26 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure atomic symbol: One or two letter abbreviation for each element

27 27 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Atomic NumberNumber of protons in nucleus Mass Number Number of protons and neutrons (nucleons) in nucleus Atomic Symbol 1-2 letter abbreviation for element name Atomic Mass Write this in your notes

28 28 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Capitalization The first letter of an atomic symbol is capitalized If there is a second letter, it is not capitalized Co = cobalt CO = carbon & oxygen Cl = chlorine Cl CI = carbon & iodine CI Write this in your notes

29 29 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Get out your periodic table Find lithium (atomic symbol is Li) How many protons does it have? How many neutrons does it have?

30 30 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure How can lithium have 0.941 neutrons? Periodic Table Notation

31 31 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Two lithium isotopes in nature

32 32 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Two lithium isotopes in nature What is the mass of each atom?

33 33 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Two lithium isotopes in nature Mass number of this atom 3 + 3 = 6 Mass number of this atom 3 + 4 = 7

34 34 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Two lithium isotopes in nature Mass number of this atom 3 + 3 = 6 6% of natural abundance Mass number of this atom 3 + 4 = 7 94% of natural abundance

35 35 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure If we randomly selected 100 lithium atoms from nature, their MASS NUMBERS would be: It’s an AVERAGE mass! Atomic Mass

36 36 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Remember the "Do Now"

37 37 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure It’s an AVERAGE mass! Atomic Mass Why is this on the periodic table??? 6.941 g is one mole of lithium –one mole is 6.022 x 10 23 molecules –6,022,000,000,000,000,000,000 Chemists use this number to figure out how many molecules they have Periodic Table Notation

38 38 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure It’s an AVERAGE mass! Atomic Mass Mass Number of this atom 3 + 3 = 6 Mass Number of this atom 3 + 4 = 7

39 39 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Atomic NumberNumber of protons in nucleus Mass Number Number of protons and neutrons (nucleons) in nucleus Atomic Symbol 1-2 letter abbreviation for element name Atomic Mass Mass of element weighted according to natural abundance Write this in your notes

40 Calculating Atomic Charge charge = 8 ‒ 10 = ‒ 2 (anion) charge = 11 ‒ 11 = 0 charge = 11 ‒ 10 = +1 (cation) charge = N p ‒ N e If you are given the charge, remember N p is determined by the element

41 Abbreviations & Equations p = protonN p = number of protons e = electronN e = number of electrons n = neutronN n = number of neutrons atomic number = Z = N p mass number = A = N p + N n charge = N p - N e Write this in your notes

42 42 5.1 The Atom Has a Structure Homework on Atomic Theory Textbook pgs 128-129 Problems 37, 42, 48, 51, 61 64, 65, 67, 68, 71

43 Check for Understanding A new element has been discovered. It has an atomic number of 119 and a symbol of Uun. It has two different isotopes. The isotope with 178 neutrons has an abundance of 62.00%, while the remaining abundance is from an isotope with 181 neutrons. What is the atomic mass of Uun?

44 How do we compute an atomic mass?

45 Imagine we have a 100 atoms # of atoms = 100

46 How do we compute an atomic mass?

47 How do we calculate the total mass of 100 atoms? add up the masses of all the isotopes How do we calculate the mass of each isotope? (mass number of isotope) x (abundance of isotope)

48 What is the mass number of the isotope with 178 neutrons? A = Np + Nn Nn = 178 Np = ??? What is the number of protons of the new element? atomic number = 119 Z = Np = 119 A = 119 + 178 = 297 called Uun-297

49 What is the mass number of the isotope with 181 neutrons? A = Np + Nn Nn = 181 Np = 119 A = 119 + 181 = 300 called Uun-300

50 Imagine we have a 100 atoms # of atoms = 100 How many of these atoms are Uun-297? "abundance is 62.00" so 62 atoms are Uun-297 How many of these atoms are Uun-300? "the remaining abundance" 100 - 62 = 38 so 38 atoms are Uun-300

51 How do we calculate the mass of each isotope? (A of isotope) x (abundance of isotope) What is mass of Uun-297? (A of Uun-297) x (abundance of Uun-297) (297) x (62) What is mass of Uun-300? (A of Uun-300) x (abundance of Uun-297) (300) x (38)

52 How do we calculate the total mass of 100 atoms? add up the masses of all the isotopes (297) x (62) + (300) x (38)

53 How do we compute an atomic mass?

54 How many sig figs?

55 Check for Understanding A new element has been discovered. It has an atomic number of 119 and a symbol of Uun. It has two different isotopes. The isotope with 178 neutrons has an abundance of 62.00%, while the remaining abundance is from an isotope with 181 neutrons. What is the atomic mass of Uun?

56 How do we compute an atomic mass? 4 sig figs

57 Check for Understanding A new element has been discovered. It has an atomic number of 119 and a symbol of Uun. It has two different isotopes. The isotope with 178 neutrons has an abundance of 62.00%, while the remaining abundance is from an isotope with 181 neutrons. What is the atomic mass of Uun?

58 Review of Objective SWBAT explain the meaning of atomic number, mass number, atomic mass and atomic symbols, and determine these features using a periodic table.

59 Atomic NumberNumber of protons in nucleus Mass Number Number of protons and neutrons (nucleons) in nucleus Atomic Symbol 1-2 letter abbreviation for element name Atomic Mass Mass of element weighted according to natural abundance

60 Abbreviations & Equations p = protonN p = number of protons e = electronN e = number of electrons n = neutronN n = number of neutrons atomic number = Z = N p mass number = A = N p + N n charge = N p - N e

61 Check for Understanding Potassium has two isotopes, potassium-39 & potassium-41. If the atomic mass is 39.10, what is the natural abundance of each isotope? X = abundance of A = 39 1 – X = abundance of A = 41 39.10 = (X)(39) + (1–X)(41) 39.10 = 39X + 41 – 41X 39.10 = –2X + 41 –1.90 = –2X 0.95 = X 95% A = 39, 5% A = 41

62 How do we compute an atomic mass?

63 Imagine we have a 100 atoms # of atoms = 100

64 How do we compute an atomic mass?

65 Imagine we have a 100 atoms # of atoms = 100 Set the # of potassium-39 atoms to be "y" # of potassium-39 = y The # of potassium-41 would be "100 - y" # of potassium-41 = 100 - y

66 The mass of all the potassium-39 atoms is found as follows: (# of potassium-39) x (mass of potassium-39) (y) x (39) 39y The mass of all the potassium-41 atoms is found as follows: (# of potassium-41) x (mass of potassium-41) (100 ‒ y) x (41) 4100 ‒ 41y

67 The total mass of all the potassium atoms is found as follows: total mass of potassium-39 + total mass of potassium-41 total mass of potassium atoms 39y + 4100 ‒ 41y 4100 ‒ 2 y

68 How do we compute an atomic mass?

69

70

71 Weighted Average

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