1. Unit 2: The Post-Classical Age, 600-1450 Part II – Reconstruction of Society

2. 1. Introduction of Islam to India 2. Sultanate of Delhi 3. Islam & Its Appeal

3. The Sultanate of Delhi

4. Introduction of Islam to India The Sind: conquered by Arab Muslims passed to Abbasids Muslim merchants formed small communities in all major cities of coastal India Turkish migrants and Islam: Turks convert to Islam in 10 th century Some moved to Afghanistan

5. Sultanate of Delhi (1206-1526 C.E.) Mahmud's successors conquered north India, 1206 Established an Islamic state known as the sultanate of Delhi Sultans' authority did not extend far beyond the capital at Delhi Islam began to have a place in India

6. Islam and its appeal Conversion to Islam slow Some converted for improving their lower social statuses Entire caste or sub-caste converted By 1500, about 25 million Indian Muslims (1/4 of population) The bhakti movement Sought to erase distinction between Hinduism and Islam Guru Kabir taught that Shiva, Vishnu, and Allah were one

7. 1. Hindu Kingdoms of Southern India 2. The Development of Hinduism

8. Hindu Kingdoms of Southern India The south: politically divided but relatively peaceful The Chola kingdom conquered Ceylon and parts of southeast Asia Navy dominated from South China Sea to Arabian Sea Not a tightly centralized state

9. Chola Kingdom

10. The Development of Hinduism Hinduism predominated in southern India, Islam in the north Vishnu and Shiva Decline of Buddhism benefited Hinduism The growth of Vishnu and Shiva cults (and other gods associated with them) Devotional cults: to achieve mystic union with gods as a way of salvation

11. 1. India in Southeast Asia 2. Arrival of Islam in Southeast Asia

12. India in Southeast Asia Indian merchants brought their faiths to southeast Asia Ruling elite of southeast Asia adapted some Indian political traditions The states sponsored Hinduism and Buddhism Showed no interest in Indian caste system

13. Arrival of Islam in Southeast Asia Conversion to Islam was slow and quiet Ruling elite converted in cities while rural residents retained their traditions Islam was not an exclusive faith in southeast Asia Sufis appealed to a large public in these countries Melaka was powerful Islamic state during 15 th century