1. ATP

2. ATP & ADP ATP: _______________________________________ ___________________+ __________________+ 3 ________________________ ________________________________________, only stores energy for a few minutes Source of all cell energy – “__________________” of the cell; ___________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Adenine Ribose 3 Phosphate groups

3. ATP – ADP CYCLE When one _____________________ _______________, energy for cell work is __________ ________ can reform into ___________ by bonding another __________________ group

4.  ADP: ________________________________________  _______________+ _____________+ 2 ______________  Molecule that results ____________________________________________ _____ ADP ATP Energy Partially charged battery Fully charged battery Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) + Phosphate Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

5. How do cells use energy in ATP?  When the _________________________________________, the cell can use the ___________________________________________for different processes:  In photosynthesis, for _____________________  ______________________________________ - such as enzymes, cell membrane components, organelles, etc.  to maintain homeostasis, transmit nerve impulses, move cilia, remove wastes, etc.

6. ATP –ADP cycle in cells  In _________________________________________:  ATP is _________________________ during ______________________________________________  ATP is ____________ during ____________________________________________to make _______________and sustain plant cell functions  In ___________________________________________:  ATP is ___________________ when ______________________________________________  ATP is ________ to ___________________________

7. Overview Photosynthesis  Photosynthesis: process using energy from sunlight to convert water and CO 2 into oxygen and carbohydrates (sugar)  Two parts:  Light dependent reactions: produce O 2 & converts ADP to ATP  Calvin cycle (dark reactions): use ATP from light reactions to produce sugars Light Energy CO2 + H2OSugars + O2 Chloroplast

8.  Chlorophyll: green pigment in cells that absorbs blue & red light energy  Moves energy to electrons that drive reactions  FORMULA: CO 2 + H 2 O --- C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 Chloroplast Light- Dependent Reactions Calvin Cycle Sugars

9. Overview cellular respiration  Respiration: process that releases energy by breaking down food when oxygen is present  Formula:  C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 --- CO 2 + H 2 O

10.  Fermentation: respiration without oxygen present  Two types:  Alcoholic: form ethyl alcohol and CO 2 as waste products; used to make bread rise  Lactic acid: produces lactic acid in muscles when exercising without enough oxygen

11. How photosynthesis & respiration relate.  Almost opposite processes  Photosynthesis produce food (store)  Respiration breaks down food (releases)  Photosynthesis uses CO 2 and releases O 2  Respiration releases CO 2 and uses O 2

12. Quiz 4 1.The formula CO 2 + H 2 O --- C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 is the formula for ? a. photosynthesis b. respiration 2.___ is the process which breaks down food molecules to release energy and takes place in the mitochondria. a. photosynthesis b. digestion c. respiration 3.___ is formed when ATP releases a phosphate. a. ADP b. AMP c. APP 4.Fermentation is a form of ___ respiration which occurs without the presence of oxygen. a. aerobic b. anaerobic c. antioxidant 5.The green pigment which is present in plant cells and allows them to go through photosynthesis is ___. a. chlorophyll b. chloroplast c. chlorosis