1. Latin Grammar The Demonstratives: hic, haec, hoc iste, ista, istud
ille, illa, illud
is, ea, id

2. Demonstratives The verb dēmōnstrō in Latin means to point out.
Demonstratives are words that point,
like this or that in English.
that dog
this dog

3. Demonstratives In Latin, we have learned two demonstratives so far:
hic, haec, hoc (= this)
ille, illa, illud (= that)

4. Demonstratives
In English, this is used for things near the first person; that is used for things near the second or third person.

5. This dog.
That dog.
Third
Person
First Person
Second Person

6. Latin Demonstratives and English Demonstratives
So English has two demonstratives:
this for things near the first person
that for things near the second person and third person.
Latin has THREE demonstratives that are used like English this and that.
hic, haec, hoc for things near the first person
iste, ista, istud for things near the second person
ille, illa, illud for things near the third person.

7. iste, ista, istud singular plural ille illa illud illī illae illum
illam
illōs
illīus
illōrum
illārum
illīs
illō
illā
singular
plural
iste
ista
istud
istī
istae
istum
istam
istōs
istīus
istōrum
istārum
istīs
istō
istā

8. Third
Person
iste canis.
ille canis.
hic canis.
First Person
Second Person

9. Facts to Know hic, haec, hoc is the demonstrative of the first person
iste, ista, istud is the demonstrative of the second person
ille, illa, illud is the demonstrative of the third person.

10. is, ea, id is, ea, id is another demonstrative. singular plural is ea
eae
eum
eam
eōs
eius
eōrum
eārum
eīs eō eā

11. is, ea, id is, ea, id is not used to point in space.
It is used to point to things mentioned in conversation.
It translates in several ways:
this
that
he, she, it, they

12. eum canem ego quoque uīdī.
herī in uiā canem uīdī.
eum canem ego quoque uīdī.

13. is, ea, id
Latin has first and second person pronouns, singular and plural: ego, tū, nōs, uōs
Oddly, it has no third person pronouns—no he, she, it, and they.
Instead, it uses is, ea, id.

14. is, ea, id
John went to school yesterday. He arrived at 8 a.m.

15. herī in uiā canem uīdī.
eum ego quoque uīdī.

16. Facts to know Latin has no third person pronouns.
Instead, it uses the demonstrative is, ea, id

17. End