1. Chapter 11
Race and Ethnicity

2. Race and Ethnicity
Race – socially constructed category comprised of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of a society consider important
Ethnicity – a shared cultural heritage
Minority – category of people, distinguished by physical or cultural traits, who are socially disadvantaged

3. Prejudice and Discrimination
Prejudice – rigid and irrational generalization about an entire category of people
3 levels of prejudice
Cognitive level- beliefs and perceptions
Emotional level- feelings a group arouses in the individual
Action-oriented- predisposition to engage in discriminatory behavior

4. Prejudice and Discrimination
Racism – an ideology, belief that one racial category is innately superior or inferior to another
Discrimination – unequal treatment

5. Prejudice and Discrimination
Theories
Psychological- P&D are the result of individuals who have authoritarian personalities (fulfills a psychic need)
Sociological- people will act in a way to maximize rewards to themselves and minimize costs
Enculturation- people are socialized to believe and behave and can be taught to participate or resist

6. Merton’s Chart D No Yes P All Weather Liberal Fair Weather Liberal
Timid Bigot
Active Bigot

7. Prejudice and Discrimination
Institutional Prejudice and Discrimination – bias inherent in the operation of society’s institutions
Scapegoating – blaming a person or category of people for something that is not their fault

8. Reproduction of Prejudice and Discrimination
Family
Education
Media
Peer Groups

9. Patterns of Interaction
Assimilation – A+B+C = A (everything becomes what already is)
Amalgamation – A+B+C = D (melting into something new)
Accommodation – A+B+C = A+B+C (maintaining identity while interacting with social parity)

10. Patterns of Interaction
Segregation – physical and social separation of categories of people
Genocide – systematic killing of one category of people by another