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Published byHubert Edmund Wilkerson Modified over 9 years ago
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Research Methods Exam Qs & Mark Scheme Booklet FIND THE JUNE 2011 QS: READ THROUGH THEM HIGHLIGHT THE KEY PARTS OF THEM MARK SCHEME E.G. EXAMPLES ON EACH OTHER’S WORK WRITE HOW THEY COULD IMPROVE THEIR ANSWER TO GET MORE MARKS
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Grade Boundaries (out of 23) Put the homework in your folders A = 18 B = 16 C = 14 D = 11 E = 9 U = 8 or less
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Finish these sentences… P can be known as the possibility that our results are due to… It is known as the Level of … When P ≤ 0.05 we are … % or more sure our results are due to our IV and … % or less due to …. When this happens we accept our … …. And reject our … … When P ≥ 0.05 our results are …% or more due to chance Therefore we must accept our … … And reject our … …
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What if we make a mistake… ooops! Type 1 Error ◦A null hypothesis is rejected when it should not have been ◦(our results were NOT significant… ooops!) ◦Optimism (O for one!) Type 2 Error ◦A null hypothesis is accepted when it should not have been ◦Our results were significant, but at a different level ◦We chose P ≤ 0.01, could have been significant at P ≤ 0.05 ◦Pessimism
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In your own words pg 565 What is Nominal Data? What is Ordinal Data? What is interval and Ratio Data?
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Types of Data: This dictates which test you use… Nominal Data: Used for exclusive groups or categories e.g. Male or female, Psychology graduate or Sociology Graduate. Then frequencies are recorded for each group. Ordinal Data: Order of things e.g. Medallists at the Olympics, Horses in a race We do not measure the gaps/intervals, (BUT note: they maybe different sizes) Interval or Ratio Data: Measure on a scale e.g. temperature, distance The gaps/intervals are equal
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Which statistical test do we use to find our observed value? Decision 1: What are you looking for? DifferencesCorrelation Decision 2: What level of measurement? Spearman’s rho NominalOrdinal and Interval/Ratio Chi squared test Decision 3: What experimental design Independent groups Repeated measures/ or matched Mann Whitney U test Wilcoxon matched pairs rank test
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On the Stats Sheet Highlight: What type of data do they test Does the observed value have to be LESS than or GREATER than the critical value
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Exam Q booklets – Find them! Find every question that refers to significance, statistical tests, type 1 & 2 errors
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