3. Watson Pavlov Skinner Thorndike Be hav iorism How we learn?

4. Behaviorist Theory ________ is an ______ change in _______ and is a gradual ________ of the learned ________, driven by a pattern of ____________. With enough __________, the link becomes so _________ that the time between ______ and _________ gets very ______. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

5. Behaviorism Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

6. Behaviorism: Focuses on observable behavior rather than non-observable mental events. It suggests learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience (Ormrod, 1999). How we learn? Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

7. “Behaviorism focuses on behavior that can be __________.” The banker wants you to click on the picture below that makes this sentence correct.

8. Behaviorist Theory Learning is an ______ change in _______ and is a gradual ________ of the learned ________, driven by a pattern of ____________. With enough __________, the link becomes so _________ that the time between ______ and _________ gets very ______. Click here Click here to continue to continue

9. Behaviorism: Focuses on observable behavior rather than non- observable mental events. It suggests learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience (Ormrod, 1999). How we learn? Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

10. Occurs when the learner answers the questions correctly. Occurs when the light bulb goes off over your head. “According to Behaviorist, learning __________.” The banker wants you to click on the phrase below that makes this sentence correct. Occurs when behavior has been modified.

11. Behaviorist Theory Learning is an ______ change in _______ and is a gradual ________ of the learned ________, driven by a pattern of ____________. With enough __________, the link becomes so strong that the time between ______ and _________ gets very ______. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

12. Behaviorism: Focuses on observable behavior rather than non- observable mental events. It suggests learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience (Ormrod, 1999). How we learn? Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

13. According to Behaviorism… Learners learn best when complex concepts are broken into smaller segments Each segment is learned through the Stimulus-Response-Reinforcement model. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

14. The entire concept is best dealt with all at once. The entire concept is best dealt with in smaller segments. How do individuals learn complex concepts? The banker wants you to click on the phrase below that is correct.

15. Behaviorist Theory Learning is an ______ change in _______ and is a gradual strengthening of the learned ________, driven by a pattern of ____________. With enough __________, the link becomes so strong that the time between ______ and _________ gets very ______. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

16. According to Behaviorism… Learners learn best when complex concepts are broken into smaller segments Each segment is learned through the Stimulus-Response-Reinforcement model. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

17. The banker wants to know you to click on the phrase below that is correct. The banker wants to know which is the more effective way to introduce students to the water cycle? To seal the deal click on the phrase below that is correct. Teach students about evaporation until they master, then concept, then precipitation, and then finally collection. Describe the process from evaporation to condensation to precipitation to collection back to evaporation again so that students can see how all the steps are interrelated in an unending cycle. Have students create a poster of the water cycle to test for mastery.

18. Behaviorist Theory Learning is an ______ change in _______ and is a gradual strengthening of the learned ________, driven by a pattern of ____________. With enough practice, the link becomes so strong that the time between ______ and _________ gets very ______. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

19. According to Behaviorism… Learners learn best when complex concepts are broken into smaller segments Each segment is learned through the Stimulus-Response-Reinforcement model. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

20. Behaviorists believe that learning takes place as the result of a response that follows on a specific stimulus. By repeating the S-R cycle the organism (may it be an animal or human) is conditioned into repeating the response whenever the same stimulus is present. Behavior can be modified and learning is measured by observable change in behavior. John B. Watson 1878-1958 American psychologist, thought of as the father of behaviorism Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

21. Stimulus Situation; conditions in the environment Response Act; reflexes Reinforcement Reward Repeat cycle to condition response Response time diminishes with practice Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

22. Reinforcement Response Repeat Stimulus Reinforcement Stimulus Repeat Response The banker wants you to choose the correct sequence of events, according to Behaviorist Principles.

23. Behaviorist Theory Learning is an ______ change in _______ and is a gradual strengthening of the learned ________, driven by a pattern of consequences/reinforcement. With enough practice, the link becomes so strong that the time between ______ and _________ gets very ______. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

24. Stimulus Response Act; reflexes Reinforcement Repeat cycle to condition response Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

25. A hungry lab rat presses a lever when a light is turned on and receives food. A lab rat receives food at a regularly scheduled intervals. The banker wants to know which example best describes the learning theory of Behaviorist. Click on the phrase below that is correct.

26. Behaviorist Theory Learning is an observable change in _______ and is a gradual strengthening of the learned ________, driven by a pattern of consequences/reinforcement. With enough practice, the link becomes so strong that the time between ______ and _________ gets very small. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

27. Behaviorists believe that learning takes place as the result of a response that follows on a specific stimulus. By repeating the S-R cycle the organism (may it be an animal or human) is conditioned into repeating the response whenever the same stimulus is present. Behavior can be modified and learning is measured by observable change in behavior. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

28.  Another form of learning is classical conditioning, in which a reflexive or automatic response transfers from one stimulus to another. For instance, a person who has had painful experiences at the dentist’s office may become fearful at just the sight of the dentist’s office building. Fear, a natural response to a painful stimulus, has transferred to a different stimulus, the sight of a building.  Most psychologists believe that classical conditioning occurs when a person forms a mental association between two stimuli, so that encountering one stimulus makes the person think of the other. People tend to form these mental associations between events or stimuli that occur closely together in space or time. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006. © 1993-2005 Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning is a type of learning in which an animal’s natural response to one object or sensory stimulus transfers to another stimulus. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL Classical Conditioning

29. This illustration shows how a dog can learn to salivate to the sound of a tuning fork, an experiment first carried out in the early 1900s by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov. For conditioning to occur, the pairing of the food with the tuning fork (step 3 in the illustration) must be repeated many times, so that the dog eventually learns to associate the two items. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006. © 1993-2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

30. The banker wants you to read and then click on the story below that is an example of Classical Conditioning An animal placed inside the box is rewarded with a small bit of food each time it makes the desired response, such as pressing a lever or pecking a key. A device outside the box records the animal’s responses. Light reflects off the cup and into the eye. The image is then transferred through the optic nerve to the sensory register. From the sensory register, the image is moved into Short-term Memory (STM) as information about the cup is drawn from Long-term Memory (LTM). The process of elaboration occurs when information is retrieved from the LTM in order to link to the new information.

31. Behaviorist Theory Learning is an observable change in _______ and is a gradual strengthening of the learned ________, driven by a pattern of consequences/reinforcement. With enough practice, the link becomes so strong that the time between cue and _________ gets very small. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

32.  Another form of learning is classical conditioning, in which a reflexive or automatic response transfers from one stimulus to another. For instance, a person who has had painful experiences at the dentist’s office may become fearful at just the sight of the dentist’s office building. Fear, a natural response to a painful stimulus, has transferred to a different stimulus, the sight of a building.  Most psychologists believe that classical conditioning occurs when a person forms a mental association between two stimuli, so that encountering one stimulus makes the person think of the other. People tend to form these mental associations between events or stimuli that occur closely together in space or time. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL Classical Conditioning

33. The banker wants you to read and then click on the story below that is an example of Classical Conditioning. The blue light goes off at the local Kmart store. What happens when it goes off? We observe shoppers who want to save money go directly to find out what is for sale. They know that the blue light is associated with a really good sale. Even if the sale price is not really a big bargain the sales will be higher because the blue light tells the shopper that it is a really good deal. Tom has a new puppy. He begins to whistle a specific tune before he feeds the puppy. The puppy keeps coming to get fed. Tom opens the creaking cupboard door at about the same time. Tom feels the puppy is coming because he is whistling but the puppy is coming because he hears the creaking cupboard door and hearing his food dropped into his food bowl. **1.

34. Behaviorist Theory Learning is an observable change in _______ and is a gradual strengthening of the learned relationship, driven by a pattern of consequences/reinforcement. With enough practice, the link becomes so strong that the time between cue and _________ gets very small. in _______ and is a gradual strengthening of the learned relationship, driven by a pattern of consequences/reinforcement. With enough practice, the link becomes so strong that the time between cue and _________ gets very small. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

35. This illustration shows how a dog can learn to salivate to the sound of a tuning fork, an experiment first carried out in the early 1900s by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov. For conditioning to occur, the pairing of the food with the tuning fork (step 3 in the illustration) must be repeated many times, so that the dog eventually learns to associate the two items. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006. © 1993-2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

36. Increasing a behavior by following it with a reward, or decreasing a behavior by following it with punishment. For example, if a mother starts giving a boy his favorite snack every day that he cleans up his room, before long the boy may spend some time each day cleaning his room in anticipation of the snack. In this example, the boy’s room-cleaning behavior increases because it is followed by a reward or reinforcer. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006. © 1993-2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Operant conditioning, pioneered by American psychologist B. F. Skinner, is the process of shaping behavior by means of reinforcement and punishment. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL Operant Conditioning

37. This illustration shows how a mouse can learn to maneuver through a maze. The mouse is rewarded with food when it reaches the first turn in the maze (A). Once the first behavior becomes ingrained, the mouse is not rewarded until it makes the second turn (B). After many times through the maze, the mouse must reach the end of the maze to receive its reward (C). Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006. © 1993-2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

38. The banker wants you to read and then click on the story below that is an example of Operant Conditioning An animal placed inside the box is rewarded with a small bit of food each time it makes the desired response, such as pressing a lever or pecking a key. A device outside the box records the animal’s responses. Nikki is listening to the radio station when the DJ calls her name and announces that she has 2 minutes to call. The prize includes tickets to the Yankee game and a dinner date with her idol Derek Jeter. She has about 20 seconds to retain the number in her short term memory. She rehearses the number by repeating it over and over in an effort to transfer from short term to long term memory, but is interrupted by signs and commercials with numbers.

39. Behaviorist Theory Learning is an observable change in behavior and is a gradual strengthening of the learned relationship, driven by a pattern of consequences/reinforcement. With enough practice, the link becomes so strong that the time between cue and _________ gets very small. in behavior and is a gradual strengthening of the learned relationship, driven by a pattern of consequences/reinforcement. With enough practice, the link becomes so strong that the time between cue and _________ gets very small. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

40. This illustration shows how a mouse can learn to maneuver through a maze. The mouse is rewarded with food when it reaches the first turn in the maze (A). Once the first behavior becomes ingrained, the mouse is not rewarded until it makes the second turn (B). After many times through the maze, the mouse must reach the end of the maze to receive its reward (C). Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006. © 1993-2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

41. The banker wants you to read and then click on the story below that is an example of Operant Conditioning. Peter is 14 months old. He was frightened by a loud noise and started to cry. His mother immediately picked him up, rocked him, and soothed him. Every time Peter cries his mother will pick him up to comfort him. The seasons change as the earth rotates and circles the sun. The closer it gets to the sun the warmer the weather we have. As it circles the sun, it blocks the light from the sun and the moon can not be seen in its entirety. We see this each day of every year. We feel the warmth and we also see that the length of the days is directly connected to this cycle. **2.

42. Learning is an observable change in behavior and is a gradual strengthening of the learned relationship, driven by a pattern of consequences/reinforcement. With enough practice, the link becomes so strong that the time between cue and behavior gets very small. Behaviorist Theory Click here Click here for THE DEAL

43. Operant Conditioning Increasing a behavior by following it with a reward, or decreasing a behavior by following it with punishment. For example, if a mother starts giving a boy his favorite snack every day that he cleans up his room, before long the boy may spend some time each day cleaning his room in anticipation of the snack. In this example, the boy’s room-cleaning behavior increases because it is followed by a reward or reinforcer. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006. © 1993-2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL

44. Presented by:Presented by: –*Nola Bruder –*Diane Harris –*Bret Mason –*Barbara Morley –*Chris Ozias How We Learn Click here Click here to Re-DEAL REAL World Apps REAL World Apps

45. Click here Click here for the for the DEAL