1. Unit 3: The Revolutionary War Ch
Unit 3: The Revolutionary War Ch. 6 Recreating America: Independence & a New Nation,

2. British Advantages & Disadvantages
7.5 million Britons to 2.5 million colonists
Professional army
George III had the money to hire professional soldiers (30,000 Germans called Hessians)
American Loyalists & Indians on their side

3. British Advantages & Disadvantages
France wanted revenge
Many Britons had no desire to kill their American cousins
Fighting 3,000 miles from home
America’s geographical advance was enormous
No urban nerve center

4. American Advantages & Disadvantages
Leaders such as G. Washington & B. Franklin
Received foreign aid from France
Wanted to regain power in N. America
Economic reasons (trade)
Enlightenment ideals
Fighting on familiar terrain

5. American Advantages & Disadvantages
Colonists were badly organized & still struggled to unify
Militiamen were highly unreliable & lacked military skills
Few basic military supplies
Economic difficulties – Congress couldn’t tax to raise money for the army
Food & clothing shortages occurred
Only 1/3 of colonists were in favor of war for independence

6. Map of Loyalist Strongholds

7. Turning Point: Battle of Saratoga
Oct American forces were able to cut off the British charge on New England – colonial victory!
This convinced the French of America’s military viability

8. Diplomacy
France entered the war in 1778, followed by the Spanish (1779) & the Dutch (1780)
Credit given to Ben Franklin for negotiating an alliance with the French
The French offered guns/equipment, money, troops, & naval strength

9. Treaty of Paris 1783
B. Franklin, J. Adams, & J. Jay were the American peace negotiators
Formally recognized the independence of the U.S.

10. Treaty of Paris 1783
Granted Americans land west to the Mississippi, north to the Great Lakes, & South to Spanish Florida
Americans given a share of the fisheries in Newfoundland
Britain kept Canada but had to give Florida to Spain
States were to return confiscated property to the Loyalists
American govt. would not interfere with collection of prewar debts owed to the British

11. Treaty of Paris 1783

12. Social Effects Women Took on various responsibilities during the war
Abigail Adams pushed for more rights for women as the new govt. was being formed
Republican Motherhood – women became responsible for teaching republican values & patriotism in the home

13. Social Effects Native Americans
Those who fought sided with the British
New colonial land acquisitions following the war led to increased hostilities; many fled to Canada
Appealed to Congress on recognizing Indian territories but had little support

14. Social Effects African Americans
Of those who fought, most sided with the British; few fought with the Continental Army
Political leaders campaigned against slavery
Eliminated in the North
Remained deeply embedded in the South