1. BZUPAGES.COM Organizational Behaviors Presented to: Sir Ahmad Tisman Pasha Presented by: Fiaz Ahmad BIT-08-46 Department of IT Institute of computing Bzu Multan

2. BZUPAGES.COM Emotions and Moods

3. BZUPAGES.COM Affect A broad range of feelings that people experience.it can be experienced in the form of Emotions and Moods  Caused by specific event  Very brief in duration(second or minutes)  Specific and numerous in nature(as anger,fear,sadness, happiness)  Usually accompanied by distinct facial expression  Action oriented in nature  Cause is often general and unclear  Longer than emotions(hours or days)  More general(Positive and negative affect that are composed of multiple specific emotions)  Generally not indicated by distinct expression  Cognitive in nature Emotions Moods

4. BZUPAGES.COM The Basic Emotions  While not universally accepted, there appear to be six basic emotions: 1. Anger 2. Fear 3. Sadness 4. Happiness 5. Disgust 6. Surprise  All other emotions are subsumed under these six

5. BZUPAGES.COM Basic Moods: Positive and Negative Affect  Emotions cannot be neutral.  Positive Emotion Such as joy or express a favorable feeling  Negative Emotion Such as anger or express the opposite  We group emotions into positive and negative categories they become mood states

6. BZUPAGES.COM The Structure of Mood Tense Bored Depressed Sad Stressed Nervous High Negative affect Low Positive affect Low Negative affect High Positive affect Excited Happy Content Relaxed Calm Alert

7. BZUPAGES.COM What is the Function of Emotion? o Do Emotions Make Us Irrational? Expressing emotions publicly may be damaging to social status Emotions are critical to rational decision-making Emotions help us understand the world around us o What Functions Do Emotions Serve? Darwin argued they help in survival problem- solving Evolutionary psychology: people must experience emotions as there is a purpose behind them Not all researchers agree with this assessment

8. BZUPAGES.COM Sources of Emotion and Mood o Personality There is a trait component – affect intensity o Day and Time of the Week There is a common pattern for all of us: ○ Happier in the midpoint of the daily awake period ○ Happier toward the end of the week o Weather Illusory correlation – no effect o Stress Even low levels of constant stress can worsen moods o Social Activities Physical, informal, and dining activities increase positive moods

9. BZUPAGES.COM Our Moods are Affected by the day of the week Negative moods are highest on sundays and Mondays and fall throughout the week Mood Average Positive moods are highest At the end of the week Positive affect Negative affect

10. BZUPAGES.COM Our Moods are affected by time of the day Midnight High Low Mood average Negative moods shows very Little variation over the day Positive mood peaks during The middle part of the day Positive affect Negative affect 9:00 AM Noon 3:00 PM6:00 PM 9:00 PM

11. BZUPAGES.COM More Sources of Emotion and Mood o Sleep Poor sleep quality increases negative affect o Exercise Does somewhat improve mood, especially for depressed people o Age Older folks experience fewer negative emotions o Gender Women tend to be more emotionally expressive, feel emotions more intensely, have longer lasting moods, and express emotions more frequently than do men