1. Geology II Vocabulary

2. Erosion The wearing away of land, rock, or soil by gravity, water, ice, and wind.

6. Topsoil The topmost layer of soil, composed primarily of organic matter.

9. Subsoil The layer of soil beneath the topsoil.

11. Sedimentary Rock Rock formed from sediments that are pressed together. (example- slate)

13. Metamorphic Rock Rock that has been changed due to pressure and heat. (example- marble)

15. Igneous Rock Rock that has been formed by molten magma or lava that has hardened. (example- granite)

17. Bedrock A solid rock mass that is unweathered (undisturbed by environmental conditions on Earth’s surface)

19. Mountain Uplifted section of the surface of Earth that is formed by the movement of two tectonic plates and by volcanism, folding, and faulting.

20. Fault-block Mountain A mountain formed when Earth’s crust is pulled apart, resulting in blocks of crust dropping down or being tilted.

23. Folded Mountain A mountain that is formed where plates move into each other, causing layers of rock to move up and warp or fold.

26. Dome Mountain A type of folded mountain that is shaped like an upside-down bowl (dome).