1. LANDFORM REGIONS

2. Why did geographers create ‘landform regions’
To understand the geography of Canada better it helps to make it into smaller chunks

3. How is Canada’s basic structure like a tree?
Canada started with the Canadian Shield and then grew outwards from there

4. The Canadian Shield
This region covers almost half of Canada.

5. What provinces have a part of the Canadian Shield within them?
Newfoundland, Quebec, Ontario, Alberta, Saskatchewan, NWT, Nunavut

6. Why does the Canadian Shield have igneous rock?
It was formed by massive volcanic eruptions.

7. Why is does the Canadian Shield have thousands of lakes and rivers?
Glaciers scooped out huge basins, which filled with water when the glaciers melted

8. What are the important resources found in the Canadian Shield?
Mining, Hydroelectric, Forestry

9. Where does the majority of the population of the Canadian Shield live?
Most people live in the southern part around Thunder Bay, Sudbury and Saguenay

10. The Great Lakes –St Lawrence Lowlands
Half of this landform region is in Quebec and the other half is in Ontario.

11. What type of rock can be found in this region?
Sedimentary rock

12. What role did the Canadian Shield have in the formation of the GL-SLL?
As the Canadian Shield eroded, it left sedimentary rock at the bottom of ancient seas, this hardened into Sedimentary Rock and formed the GL SLL

13. Why does the area have so many lakes?
Huge glaciers scraped out basins, which filled with water as the glaciers melted. These basins became the Great Lakes

14. What is an ESCARPMENT?
A sharp change in height caused by rapid erosion of sedimentary rock

15. What type of rock is the Niagara Escarpment made mostly from?
Limestone

16. What types of industries can be found here?
Manufacturing (automobiles)
Agriculture – animals, fruit, vegetables, grains

17. The Appalachians

18. How old is this region?
250 million years

19. How was this region formed?
Plate movements forced sedimentary rock to fold upwards (FOLD MOUNTAINS)

20. How much of Canada’s population lives in this region?
Two-thirds

21. What was the effect of erosion and rising oceans on the area?
This region has a jagged coastline with many natural harbors

22. Who were the first inhabitants of the regions?
Indigenous People including the Mi’kmaq and Beothuk

23. About how much of Canada’s population lives here?
1/10
One tenth

24. What is one of the best known crops from this region?
POTATOES

25. The Interior Plains

26. What provinces can be found here?
BC, ALBERTA, NWT, SASKATCHEWAN, MANITOBA

27. What does the Interior Plains look like from the sky? Why?
Long and flat
No mountains or forests

28. How old is the region? What type of rock can be found here?
200 million years old
Sedementary Rock

29. How was the regions oil and gas made?
Fossilized sea life was chemically changed into oil and gas

30. Why is the regions well suited for farming?
The ice ages left thick layers of fertile soil over the region

31. Why does the area look like a patchwork quilt from above?
Government surveyors divided the land into farms, this was the most organized way.

32. What are the two largest cities in the region?
Edmonton and Calgary

33. The Western Cordillera

34. What provinces can be found here?
Yukon
NWT
Alberta
British Columbia

35. What are the three main regions here, how were they formed, and what is their age?
Rocky Mountains
Oldest
Coast Range
65 Million years later
Interior Plateau
Youngest part of the region

36. What natural resources could be found in this area?
Coal
Minerals
Farming
Forestry

37. About how much of Canada’s population can be found here?
ONE EIGHTH

38. Innuitians and Arctic

39. Why does the textbook describe the Innuitians as “like a car that has had many accidents”?
Many fold mountains formed by sedimentary rock being pushed by tectonic plates

40. The Innuitians are younger than the Appalachians, but older than the Rockies.

41. Where can the Innuitians be found?
Far north!

42. What Natural Resources can be found here?
Oil and gas

43. How have the Innuitians changed over time?
Millions of years ago the Innuitians were covered by warm tropical seas!

44. What is the Northwest Passage?
A sailing route across the ocean North of Canada

45. What name do we give the native people of the area?
The Inuit

46. The Arctic is made up of many islands formed from what type of rock?
Sedimentary Rock

47. What does the geography of the Arctic look like?
Many lslands
Very stony
Barren, very little vegetation
Frozen!

48. In what territory would you find the Artic?
Nunavut