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Ancient Greece Introduction: Minoans, Mycenaeans, Greek Colonization
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Classical Time Period According to the AP curriculum:
Classical civilizations Major political developments in China, India, and the Mediterranean Social and gender structures Major trading patterns within and among Classical civilizations; contacts with adjacent regions Arts, sciences, and technology
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Geography of Region Greece: a.k.a “Hellas” Greeks were sea traders
Mountains divided Greece— kept it disunited --Polis
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Geography According to the AP curriculum: Environment
Interaction of geography and climate with the development of human society The environment as historical actor Demography: Major population changes resulting from human and environmental factors
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Pre-Greeks Minoans (2800 BCE – 1600 BCE)
Location: Aegean islands, Crete Economy: Trade Writing: linear A and linear B Knossos Disappearance: Unknown Natural Disaster
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Pre-Greeks Mycenaeans Trojan War, 1250 BC Overran Minoans Sea traders
Mythical story Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey
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1100 BCE Everything stops? Pottery Dark Ages Sea Peoples?
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Ancient Greece 1000 BCE – goat-herding, barley, and a few iron tools.
Difficult terrain for farming A shift comes with Wine and Olive Oil “The Olive Harvest” ~500BCE The Antimenes Painter
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Olive Oil Olives grow well in rocky soil and high elevation
Fat and flavor Seasonal farming – lots of free time Lamp oil Soap High value export
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Greek Expansion Emphasis on wine and olives leads to…
Heavily stratified economic status Rich vs. poor Importation of grains Greek colonization Greek Settlements by 500 BCE
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Greek Expansion Colonies in Italy, Sicily, France, Spain, Turkey, Egypt, the Black Sea coastline, and Africa. Colonists were criminals and outcasts, but still clung to the Greek way of life.
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Greek Politics Ethne – tribes Polis – a city state
By 600 BCE there were over 300 city-states Governments varied – polis = politics The Parthenon in Athens atop the Acropolis years old
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