1. Why Choose Xtek? Xtek Crane Wheels

2. Crane Maintenance Spending Survey Results From AIST Crane Symposium Wheel Assemblies 43%

3. Others & Unknown 16% Spalled Tread 2% Worn Tread 9% Axle Breakage 13% Bearing Failure 21% Worn or Broken Flange 39% Wheel Assembly Reasons for Replacement Survey Results From AIST Crane Symposium

4. Typical Wheel Problems Spalling - Material or hardness is not capable of carrying the load Broken Flanges – Flange hardness to brittle to resist impact stresses Wear – Related to the hardness properties of the wheel and the operating conditions

5. Crane Wheel Performance Sub-Surface Shear Strength Highest Stress at Impact LOAD - Heat treatment places wheel tread in compression and provides a deep case FRACTURE – Tough and ductile core to address shock loads during operation WEAR – High surface hardness extends wheel life and reduces friction with the rail Compliance with AIST/AISE Technical Report No 6, Dated June 2005

6. Resistance to Spalling, Flange Failure and Wear Heat Treatment places the wheel tread and flanges in compression allowing for higher load capability Contour case hardening pattern provides a ductile core in the flanges Surface hardness provides wear resistance Xtek Contour Case Hardening

7. Xtek Wheel with WORN Tread and Flange

8. Through Hardened Flanges High Risk of Fracture Through Hardened Flanges High Risk of Fracture

9. Xtek Heat Treating Operations

10. Xtek Crane Wheel Contour Case Hardened Surface Hardness 58 – 62 HRC Surface Hardness 58 – 62 HRC Soft Core Flanges Not Through-Hardened Soft Core Flanges Not Through-Hardened Depth of Hardness.160 – 200” Depth of Hardness.160 – 200” AISI 1055 Forged Steel Core Remains Ductile AISI 1055 Forged Steel Core Remains Ductile

11. Allowable Wheel Loads (24” Wheel Diameter) RESULT: 40% INCREASE IN CAPACITY

12. Operational Considerations Industry Standards AIST Straight Tread Bridge Drive Wheels Shall Have Tread Diameters Matched Within 0.010” Maximum of Each Other When Mechanically Connected All Other Applications, Including Tapered Tread, Shall Have Bridge and Trolley Driver Wheels Matched Within 0.030” Diameter Maximum of Each Other CMAA Drive Wheels Shall be Matched Pairs Within 0.001” per Inch of Diameter or a Total 0.010” on Diameter, Whichever is Smaller

13. PRECISION FINISHING OF HARD TREAD

14. US Navy Crane Center MIL-Handbook #1038 Weight Handling Equipment (Design Criteria) Section 5.3.11 – Travel Wheels - Page #150: “There is no detriment to large differences between the wheel and rail head hardnesses. Experience suggests that wear on both can only be improved by increasing the hardness of either the wheel, rail head, or both.”

15. Case Study: Crane Wheels Problem: Application = Steel Mill Scrap Yard Crane Current Wheel Product = Rim Tough Wheel, 320 BHN Problem = Wheels replaced every 9 months Primary Cause = Tread wear and flange wear Solution: Test established with Xtek contour hardened track wheels

16. Results: Xtek wheels were monitored for 36 months  Still in service at end of test Savings of $10,200 per wheel during the 36 month test and going…  Xtek wheel cost $922 / each  The existing wheel cost $650 / each  Three additional wheels would have been purchased  Labor cost to change a wheel assembly from the crane = $600 / each  Three additional wheel assembly exchanges would have occurred  Reconditioning changes avoided during the test = $2,150 / each  Three reconditioning expenses were avoided This test has also benefited the mill by the avoidance of unscheduled downtime and now offers the potential for a reduction in inventory Case Study: Crane Wheels

17. WHEEL ASSEMBLIES

18. Crane Wheel Assembly Reconditioning Disassembly Inspect Reverse Engineer Failure Analysis Manufacture Assemble

19. Why Xtek? Crane and Material Handling Equipment expertise Involved in Crane and Material Handling Standards In House Heat Treatment Full line of material alternatives to address application requirements 60+ Mechanical, Metallurgical and Service Engineers World wide steel mill experiences Service capabilities Reverse engineering Failure analysis Inventory management Drawing and data management Emergency response capability Active in all Nucor flat rolling facilities and most of the structural mills ISO Certified

20. Thanks for your consideration! Xtek Crane Wheels