3. Introduction: definition of a lesson plan
It can be simple as a mental checklist
or as a complex as a detailed two-page typed lesson plan.

4. Definition of a lesson plan. Cont
A lesson plan is an extremely useful tool that serves as a combination guide, resource, and historical document reflecting our teaching philosophy and our goals for our students
Lesson plans are particularly important for newly teachers and beneficial for those teachers who have been teaching for years.

5. Why we plan?
When teachers are preparing a lesson plan they have to bear in mind the basic components:
what to teach,
in what order
and for how much time.
A lesson plan is also a valuable and useful resource in doing different things.
What are they??
As teachers expect students to come to class prepare to learn is necessary to provide the example and come to class to teach.

6. Macro planning vs. micro planning
lesson planning should be done at two levels: macro planning and micro planning.
Macro planning is planning over time, for instance, the planning for a month, a term, or the whole course.
Micro planning is planning for a specific lesson, which usually lasts 40 or 50 minutes.
Micro planning should be based on macro planning, and macro planning is apt to be modified as lessons go on

7. When and how we plan?
To make an appropriate lesson plan teachers need to develop a macro and micro planning.
When the texts and the syllabus have been selected, the next step would be the planning for the year or term.
It’s a great idea that newly teachers consult their colleagues and supervisors about those designs.

8. What a lesson plan looks like?
There is not only a specific way in creating a lesson plan. It depends on the teacher’s preferences and experiences.
When creating a lesson, a teacher must consider different aspects of lesson planning. What are they?

9. A lesson plan has three phases:
A beginning,
A middle
And an end.

10. First, the beginning
The majority of the plans start with a description of the class and students.
Teachers also find important to note what they have explained and what will be necessary to be explained for a future particular lesson.
Goals and objectives need to be included. Lesson goals are most usefully stated in terms of what students will have done or accomplished at the end of the lesson. Stating goals in this way allows both teacher and learners to know when the goals have been reached.
Teachers should pay attention in noting any homework so that later they can collect them and return to their students at the right time.

11. How to set Lesson Goals ?
Identify a topic for the lesson. The topic is not a goal, but it will help you develop your goals.
Identify specific linguistic content, such as vocabulary and points of grammar or language use, to be introduced or reviewed.
Identify specific communication tasks to be completed by students.
Identify specific learning strategies to be introduced or reviewed in connection with the lesson.
Create goal statements for the linguistic content, communication tasks, and learning strategies that state what you will do and what students will do during the lesson.

12. Second, the middle
It refers to the lesson’s content. This includes all the activities carrying out during a lesson, time management and class management. For the presentation and practice stages is necessary to begin with a diagnostic activity. Then, the teacher have to bear in mind how to connect those previous activities with the new ones and how these activities could motivate the students. Lastly, the teacher should evaluate if students have learned all the new material.

13. Time management can be unpredictable both for novice teachers and the experienced ones because they cannot anticipate how long an activity will take.
In one hand, activities are underestimated in terms of length. Here, the teacher have to decide what part of the lesson should be skipped, shortened or saved for the next class.
On the other hand activities are overestimated. Generally, newly teachers become very nervous when they have ten minutes left with nothing to do.
Seating arrangements before help the teacher to save time because it’s more efficient than moving students around randomly.

14. Third, the end
a lesson plan contains some comments that end the lesson. For instance; a review of the lesson and the homework for the next class.

15. In conclusion, in order to make a successful lesson plan, teachers have to take into account the principles of second language learning and teaching and the needs of students and the institution.

16. Project
Part 1:
Write a lesson plan that demonstrates your knowledge about the following:
Foreign language acquisition
Learning styles and strategies
Planning lessons

17. Be prepared to bring copies of your lesson plan printed for everyone.
Part 2:
Prepare a presentation explaining the process of preparing your lesson plan which would include the following:
How you chose your lesson
How you formed your objectives
How you planned your classroom setting
How your activities relate to your objectives
How you plan to assess your students to check if they achieved the objectives you set forth
Be prepared to bring copies of your lesson plan printed for everyone.