1. The Great Depression 1929-1940

2. 1920s-1933  Causes of the Depression mass consumption and over-production uneven distribution of wealth international problems Stock Market Crash of 1929

3. 1920s-1933  Introduction 1929 to early 1940s FDR and the New Deal worldwide effects lasting effects

4. 1920s-1933  Economic Collapse Unemployment failure of banks Farmers

5. WORLD EFFECTS  nations wanted to balance their budgets Germany ○ struggling to pay off war reparations from WWI ○ 40% of the German workforce was unemployed by 1932

6. WORLD EFFECTS ○ Nazi Party became the strongest force in Germany Britain ○ suffering from high unemployment through much of the 1920s ○ had government welfare payments to ease the burden of the depression

7. LIFE IN THE U.S. the depression effected the lives Americans, physically and psychologically many people lacked adequate food, shelter, and clothing Self-blame and self-doubt became epidemic, because the economic system distributed rewards based on merit

8. LIFE IN THE U.S.  Role of men ○ manufacturing jobs that were hardest hit ○ many men argued that women, should not be hired while men were unemployed  Role of Women teaching, and social-service jobs, grew during the New Deal

9. LIFE IN THE U.S.  Role of Children many children took on greater responsibilities at an earlier age teenagers found jobs when their parents could not  Role of Minorities by 1932 about 50 percent of the nation’s African American workers were unemployed Native Americans were seen poorly by virtually every social or economic indicator

10. ROOSEVELT  By 1932, the depression had made Hoover so unpopular that Roosevelt’s candidacy was assured  Roosevelt quickly lifted the nation’s spirits  Within days of his inauguration Roosevelt put himself into action

11. THE FIRST NEW DEAL  The First 100 Days Emergency Banking Relief Act, which gave Roosevelt the power to regulate banking transactions and foreign exchange Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) that insured individuals’ savings of up to $5,000

12. THE FIRST NEW DEAL Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) corps hired unemployed young men to work on environmental conservation projects throughout the country Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) temporarily reset production quotas for farm commodities, including corn, wheat, rice, milk, cotton, and livestock

13. THE SECOND NEW DEAL  Although the programs of the First New Deal appeased the Depression some, the First New Deal did not end the Depression A Second New Deal was needed…  New demands emerged…  Goals

14. THE SECOND NEW DEAL  BIGGEST relief agency: WPA Combat Depression with… Buildings, airports, roads, and schools were built National Youth Administration 1943

15. THE SECOND NEW DEAL  BIGGEST contribution to relief according to Roosevelt: The Social Security Act of 1935 Created a system of insurance for the… Funded by… Today…

16. THE END OF THE DEPRESSION  Economic conditions improved in the late 1930s, but…  Sept. 1939: Outbreak of WWII in Europe led the US too…

17. THE END OF THE DEPRESSION  US entered WWII and led too… All areas of the economy to come together and support the war effort ○ Women A HUGE expand in industry Unemployment to be replaced with a shortage of workers.

18. LASTING EFFECTS  Led to government intervention in… Example: Social Security  Changed the relationship between the government and the people Bigger role of government in people’s lives

19. LASTING EFFECTS  Led to a new political set up Democrats…  “Revived an emphasis on …” (MSN Encarta)  Economic control of the “free market” to avoid another economic depression

20. Sources  http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761584403_ 2/Great_Depression_in_the_United_States.html http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761584403_ 2/Great_Depression_in_the_United_States.html (students can use this website as a resource)  http://riverdaughter.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/s ocialsecurityactfdr.jpg (Picture) http://riverdaughter.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/s ocialsecurityactfdr.jpg  http://countrystudies.us/united-states/history- 98.htm http://countrystudies.us/united-states/history- 98.htm