1. Chapter 4 –Rules and regulations for safe driving

2. Speed Limits

3. Speed control Based on Road Conditions
Always slow down on hills, intersections, narrow/winding roads, sharp blind curves, heavy pedestrian areas, bad roads
Too slow is no good-NJ LAW
Safe corridors- Fines double, based on high accident areas

4. Passing Always stay to the right, Pass to the left
Make sure there is no oncoming traffic
The line closest to your lane signifies passing rules
Solid or Broken

7. Passing continued
Can only pass on the right when it is a multi-lane highway
Never pass on right in shoulder, illegal in NJ
Never pass on hill or corner, intersection, railroad crossing, narrow bridges & tunnels, signage, behind a vehicle that has stopped for pedestrians

8. Keep to the right Must stay as close to the right shoulder as possible
Must only pass on left
Multi-lane highways must be in the furthermost right lane
Once you pass get back to the right

9. Yielding: Right of way Emergency Vehicles- Police, EMT, Fire
Buses- Re-entering flow of traffic
Postal Vehicles- Re-entering flow of traffic
Motorized or Mobility-assistance devices: In crosswalk or crossing the road
Other vehicles in an intersection

10. Yielding to Pedestrians
Pedestrian Safety is a shared responsibility
Stop for pedestrians in crosswalks, failure to can lead to a $ 500 fine, up to 25 days in jail, community service, 6 months license suspension, and 2 points
Watch for pedestrians when turning on red or on right turns
Do not block or stop in a crosswalk
Obey speed limits

11. Intersections Where two or more roads cross or merge at angles
Most collisions occur in an intersection
A single solid white line means that you need to stop for a traffic light or stop sign

13. Controlled intersections
Considered controlled by traffic lights, stop signs, or law enforcement
First person to arrive has right away
If both arrive at the same time=person to right has the right of way
Always yield to oncoming traffic when making left turn
Must stop within 5 feet away from the nearest crosswalk/white line

14. Who Goes First?

15. Uncontrolled intersections
Two or more roads join and no traffic lights or stop signs
Usually a warning sign
SLOW DOWN Approach Carefully
Private driveway/road must yield
Left always yields to vehicle on the right
Traffic signals out observed as a 4 way stop sign

16. Traffic Circles
Blind areas are common in rural areas…be sure to check before proceeding
Traffic Circles-Have no set rules for entering, driving in, and exiting…follow signage
Traffic circles traffic patterns are usually dictated by the major road that enters the circle- If unsure the car on the left yields to the car on the right

17. Driving on interstates
Highways, parkways, and turnpikes are high speed 65mph divided roadways with multiple lanes
Entrance to highways by on-ramps or acceleration lanes which are extra lanes that allow cars to speed up to match traffic speed
Acceleration lane drivers must yield to those in lanes of traffic already
Obey ramp speed limit
Speed up to the flow of traffic
Avoid coming to a complete stop
Yield to traffic and enter right lane only when safe

19. Exiting Interstates
Exit ramps or deceleration lanes are used to exit an interstate
Exit only lanes, signage will designate
Begin to slow down when entering lane/Obey speed limit in deceleration lane
Check signage for proper lane for exit, left or right

21. Weave Lanes A lane where both motorists enter and exit an expressway
Person entering must yield to the person exiting

22. Driving during rush hour
During rush hour avoid the right lane
Congestion near exits and entrances
Plan ahead for exits

23. Disabled Vehicles
Reduce speed and increase the space in between your vehicle and the disabled vehicle, switch lanes
Be alert for pedestrians, officers, tow trucks etc.

24. If your car becomes disabled
Pull as far off the road as possible either onto the median or shoulder
Turn on hazard/emergency flashers
Stay in the vehicle and keep the doors locked
Call for help
Do not get into a stranger’s car

25. Construction Areas
Be aware while in a construction zone for machinery and workers
Adjust speed and spacing
Beware that fines may be doubled in a construction zone

26. Toll Booths Green light signifies lanes is open Obey Speed limits
E-Z Pass Booths and E-Z Pass High speed lanes
Check both sides before merging after booths

27. Right turn on red
As long as no turn on red sign exists drivers can make right on red
Must come to a complete stop and check for traffic
Must yield to all on-coming traffic and pedestrians
Make sure signal is made 100 feet before turn

28. Right Turns Slow down as you approach turn
Blinker on 100 feet before turn
Stay close to the corner/curb as possible
Do not swing into other lane, stay in the right lane

30. Left Turns Two Left Turns Cars must proceed carefully
From a one way road to another, turn from left lane into left lane

32. Stopping
First few seconds of a fresh green light is when accidents happen the most
A yellow light must mean the vehicle stops before the intersection unless it is impossible to slow down in time due to proximity
If a light changes while in intersection, proceed with caution
Amount of seconds between yellow and red based on speed limit of the road

33. Stopping Continued Common Reasons that call for you to STOP:
Intersections with stop signs/lights
Traffic officer
Yield sign, but traffic does not permit a safe merge
School bus with red lights flashing
When coming from an alley or private driveway
For a blind pedestrian using a white or metallic walking cane or guide dog
Pedestrian at a crosswalk
Mobility device

34. Railroad Crossings
All crossings have warning systems-Lights, Buzzers, Gates, Bells, Etc.
A motorist must stop at 15 feet away from the crossing
Never attempt to cross with signals still active
Certain vehicles such as school buses and vehicles carrying hazardous materials must always stop regardless

35. Stopping for School Buses
A motorist must stop for a school bus with red flashing lights
On a two-lane road or multi-lane highway separated by only painted lines drivers must stop 25 FEET away from the bus
If a safety island or median exists in between lines the motorist must proceed at a speed of 10 MPH
If a bus stops directly in front of a school to pick up or drop off a developmental disability student a motorist may pass at a speed no greater than 10MPH

36. Frozen Dessert Trucks
When read lights are flashing and stop signal arm is out motorists must:
Yield the right-of-way to any person who is crossing the roadway to or from the truck
Watch out for children and be prepared to stop
Stop, then drive past the vehicle at a speed of 15MPH
A motorist on the other side of the road separated by a median or safety island does not need to stop

37. Emergency Vehicles
All motorists must yield to emergency vehicles with sirens/flashing red or blue lights
Steer to the extreme right of the road and wait for the vehicle to pass
Once the emergency vehicle passes the motorist must remain at least 300 FEET behind
Motorists should never park within 200 FEET of a fire truck in service or drive over the hoses unless directed to do so

38. MOVE OVER LAW
Any emergency vehicle, tow truck, highway service vehicle that has any combination of lights that include the colors of red, blue, yellow, or amber
Traffic permitting move to the lane that is adjacent to your vehicle and that provides a lane space between the emergency vehicle and yourself
If you are not able to move over reduce speed, well below speed limit
Fines range from $100-$500

39. Headlights
Headlights must be used one half hour before sunrise & one half hour after sunset
Headlights must also be used in conditions when visibility is 500ft or less and/or windshield wipers are on

40. Headlights Continued
Two levels of head lights- Brights (high) & Dims (low) controlled by switch on/near dashboard
Bright beam- For open country roads, causes vision to be wider and longer
At night motorists pupils are dilated=more light in which means high beams can blind and effects can last up to 5 seconds
Dim beams are used in city driving, cars approaching, or driving behind an individual

41. Other Types of Lights on a vehicle
Parking lights- Used for a short period of time in areas other than residential or business areas
Tail-lights: Turn on with headlights at night, during day turn on with brakes
brake Lights: Signifying slowing down or stopping when pressure is applied to brake
Interior Lights: To help illuminate the interior of the car especially at night
Fog lights- Accompany dim lights, used in foggy conditions to help improve visibility

42. Parking regulations Six inches from curb or less; Do not brake traffic
Be careful when exiting/opening door
Be sure to check all parking signs
NEVER PARK IN:
Highway
Crosswalk
Safety Zone
Construction sites
Handicap Spots
On A Sidewalk
In Front of driveways
10 Feet of a fire hydrant, 50 feet of railroad crossing, 50 feet of stop sign, 20 feet of fire house driveway & 75 feet on opposite street of firehouse

43. Cell Phones All handheld devices are illegal to use in NJ
Primary Offense
Hands free devices are legal
All GDL drivers cannot use both a hands-free or handheld electronic
1st- Offense Dollars
2nd-Offense within 10 Years Dollars
3rd-Offense within 10 years ; 3 points assessed; 90 days suspension
Kulesh’s, Kuberts’, and Bolis’ Law An individual can be charged with vehicular manslaughter or assault by auto for an accident cause by a cellphone

44. Litter
Fines up to $1,000
If litter is thrown while car is moving, motorists could lose license
Any littler, debris, rubbish being transported must be covered while in transport